Problem-solving creativity

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The problem-solving creativity is a form of creativity that during the work the social progress enabled. Therefore, the social usefulness of the problem solution sought is the decisive goal. Problem-solving creativity is when surprising new solutions are achieved that are unique and original. The actual solution to the problem occurs spontaneously through a jump in thought , a flash of inspiration or an insight .

Global future tasks such as food and energy supply , environmental stabilization and job creation can only be mastered with new, innovative solutions . Problem- solving creativity is playing an increasingly decisive role, as it is geared towards solving serious scientific, economic and technical problems. For this reason it is important to specify and clarify the concept of creativity in this regard.

Definition of "problem-solving creativity"

Problem-solving creativity is characterized by the following features:

  • Problem-solving creativity aims at economic exploitation. Artistic - musical creativity, on the other hand, is more geared towards self-realization and research into meaning.
  • A recognized, suspected, given or otherwise recorded problem is the typical starting point for a work process that should lead to the solution of the problem.
  • Problem-solving creativity is not just about brainstorming , it also encompasses the problem-solving process .
  • The creative recognition of the core problem is often "half" the problem solving.
  • The problem solution achieved is original, surprising, unusual and problem-sensitive .
  • Mentally , an innovative solution is not to be enforced. In the end, it occurs spontaneously , but only if the processor is intensively concerned with the problem. The systematic procedure on the way to the goal is extremely helpful, and in the case of demanding tasks it is even essential for creative problem solving.
  • According to a systematic analysis, problem-solving creativity includes a trigger , an intuition : A factor that has not yet been sufficiently clarified : Also known as the “aha effect” , flash of inspiration , “sudden insight”, expansion of the field of vision or coincidence.
  • Such a trigger can be promoted considerably through creativity techniques, but not “willingly” forced. It is decisive for the solution, but cannot be achieved without systematic analysis work.
  • Problem-solving creativity leads to a significantly higher level of creative performance. Ideally, to a contradiction solution that elegantly overcomes contradicting, contradicting aspects in a novel solution.
  • As the highest level of creativity, a creative contradiction solution offers particularly good chances of success for inventions and fundamental innovations .
  • Creative problem solving expands existing knowledge and leads to significant findings in the field of natural sciences, patents , new products , processes and materials.
  • Without problem-solving creativity, in-depth knowledge and a systematic approach, such results are practically impossible to achieve.
  • Problem-solving creativity has similarities in the different areas of application. For such problem-solving processes, an action-oriented way of working can therefore be specified that encourages creativity.

Definition of "problem"

Difference between task and problem

The term problem is an indispensable category for intellectual and creative work . Identifying and solving problems are prerequisites for new things, for progress and for significant discoveries and innovations. The problem-solving process is the basis of the conscious, methodical- systematic work to overcome barriers of thought, contradictions and seemingly incompatible contradictions.

Problem- solving creativity also includes the definition of the term “problem”, which results from the difference between task and problem (see picture). For a task, the solution (methods, procedures, programs, techniques) is known or given, for a problem this is not the case.

Before solving the problem in terms of content, the solution must be developed. Creativity techniques can help in solving the problem, especially by providing suitable methods, procedures and working methods.

Applying problem-solving creativity

Research and development teams in the fields of science, technology and business are the main focuses for the application of problem-solving creativity. If such working groups succeed in developing and implementing new solutions, innovations are created that drive the development of the economy and society. Means for this are creativity techniques, methodical aids and special working methods that are aimed at making the problem-solving process more effective and promoting creative solution finding. Examples of this are action-oriented creativity techniques, systematic methods according to TRIZ, as well as the method system of systematic heuristics .

Special aspects of problem-solving creativity

The above definition of problem-solving creativity also marks a demarcation from artistic - musical . Although the significant image or piece of music can be “his problem solution” for the artist, the term “problem” is not used here. The artistic creation process is in its core and process z. Currently even less enlightened. In no way can artistic-musical creativity be classified as less demanding in terms of originality , uniqueness and level. It differs in terms of area and claim and is more geared towards self-realization and meaning research by the artist.

The distinction between “everyday creativity” and “exceptional creativity” relates to the level of the solution achieved. These terms form two poles , whereby the novelty and the "originality" are decisive: The novelty ranges from "New in the existing limited environment" to "New worldwide". The originality is assessed using terms such as: “Going beyond the known level” to “Unusual level of solution”, “Level jump” or “New generation ”. The development process of creative output can also differ: from “coincidental and almost incidental” to “long-term, planned research work”. Several levels can be thought of for the level. By no means all are innovative or can only be limited to areas of exceptional creativity. Innovations can even be achieved with everyday creativity.

literature

  • Dieter Herrig: Rationalization in the construction area - an overview. (Series of publications for technical school teachers). Inst. F. Technical education d. GDR, 1976.
  • Johannes Müller , Peter Koch (eds.) And 31 authors: program library for systematic heuristics for natural scientists and engineers. 3. Edition. Technical-scientific treatises of the ZIS, No. 97, 98 and 99 (1973) Central Institute for Welding Technology (ZIS), Halle / Saale.
  • Klaus Stanke: Action-oriented creativity techniques. For young people, beginners and professionals with the BONSAI system of creativity techniques. trafo Wissenschaftsverlag, Berlin 2011, ISBN 978-3-86464-001-8 .
  • Robert J. Sternberg: Handbook of Creativity. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge 1998, ISBN 0-521-57604-0 .
  • Dietmar Zobel: TRIZ FOR EVERYONE. The systematic way to solve problems. 3. Edition. Expert, Rennigen-Malmsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-8169-2578-1 .
  • Dietmar Zobel: Systematic invention. Methods and examples for the practitioner. 5th edition. Expert, Rennigen-Malmsheim 2009, ISBN 978-3-8169-2939-0 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Johannes Müller: Working methods in technical sciences, systematics, heuristics, creativity. Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg / New York 1990, ISBN 3-540-51661-1 .
  2. ↑ Nancy Andreasen: The creativy brain. The neuscience of genius. Pana press, New York 2005, ISBN 1-932594-07-8 .
  3. ^ Margaret A. Boden: The creative Mind. Myths and Mechanisms. London 1990, ISBN 0-415-31453-4 .
  4. ^ Robert J. Sternberg: Handbook of Creativity. Univ. Press, Cambridge 1998, ISBN 0-521-57604-0 .
  5. ↑ Dietmar Zobel: Systematic invention. Methods and examples for the practitioner. 5th edition. Expert Verlag, Rennigen-Malmsheim 2009, ISBN 978-3-8169-2939-0 .
  6. ↑ Problem-solving creativity. Retrieved September 21, 2014 .
  7. ↑ a b Dietmar Zobel: TRIZ FOR ALL. The systematic way to solve problems. 3. Edition. Expert Verlag, Rennigen-Malmsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-8169-2578-1 .
  8. ↑ Hoping for intuition or a systematic approach? Retrieved September 21, 2014 .
  9. ↑ Karl Duncker: Psychology of thinking. Springer Verlag, Berlin 1935, p. 35.
  10. ↑ a b Klaus Stanke: Action-oriented creativity techniques. For young people, beginners and professionals with the BONSAI system of creativity techniques. trafo Wissenschaftsverlag, Berlin 2011, ISBN 978-3-86464-001-8 .
  11. ↑ Johannes Müller, Peter Koch (Ed.): Program library for systematic heuristics for natural scientists and engineers. (= Technical and scientific treatises by ZIS. Nos. 97, 98 and 99). 3rd edition, Central Institute for Welding Technology (ZIS), Halle / Saale 1973.