Pseudo-Matthew Gospel

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Jörg Ratgeb : Christ destroys the pagan idols , wall painting around 1520 in the Carmelite monastery (Frankfurt) . The motif is taken from chapters 22–24 of the pseudo-Matthew.

The Pseudo-Matthew Gospel (PsMt) is an apocryphal gospel that deals with details of Jesus' childhood up to the age of 12. In terms of genre, it is more precisely a childhood gospel. These are mainly embellishments of topics that are only briefly reported in the Gospels according to Matthew and Luke .

The title Pseudo-Matthäus-Evangelium comes from Konstantin von Tischendorf , who published the text. J. Gijsel and R. Beyers give the likely date of origin of the work as 600–625 AD. The oldest manuscripts date from the early ninth century.

content

The actual text of the Gospel is preceded in text family P by a prologue in which James , the son of Joseph, introduces himself as the author. The text family A instead has a fictitious correspondence between the bishops Chromatius and Heliodorus on one side and Hieronymus on the other.

The content of the text is primarily an edited reproduction of the Protevangelium of James , followed by a report on the flight into Egypt (from an unknown source) and an edited reproduction of the childhood gospel according to Thomas . In the pseudo-Matthew Gospel, these sources are editorially combined into a single complete work. The pseudo-Gospel goes beyond the informational content of its sources with the mention that ox and donkey were present at the birth of Jesus .

effect

The gospel had a great influence on thought and iconography in the Middle Ages . This was partly due to the fact that it was included in the Legenda aurea and stories were included in the Bible for the Poor .

Derived from this Gospel, among other things, the text Libellus de Nativitate Sanctae Mariae , which simply represents the early part about the birth of Mary. Another text derived from the pseudo-Matthew Gospel is the Arabic Childhood Gospel , which contains many supernatural embellishments.

literature

  • JC Thilo: Codex Apokryphus Novi Testamenti. Editio princeps, Leipzig 1832.
  • Konstantin von Tischendorf: Evangelia apocrypha. 1st edition. Leipzig 1851, 2nd edition Leipzig 1876 = Reprint Hildesheim 1987. This text edition no longer meets today's scientific standards.
  • Gerhard Schneider: Apocryphal Childhood Gospels. trans. and a. by Gerhard Schneider. In: Fontes Christiani. 18, Freiburg 1995, pp. 213-255.
  • Jan Gijsel, Rita Beyers (ed.): Libri de nativitate Mariae; textus et commentarius; Pseudo-Matthaei Gospel; Libellus de nativitate Sanctae Mariae. Turnhout, Brepols 1997. (2 volumes) Introduction and commentary in French, text in Latin with French translation. Text output according to the current scientific standard, evaluates 132 Hss.
  • Oliver Ehlen: The Pseudo-Matthew Gospel. In: Christoph Markschies , Jens Schröter u. a. (Ed.): Ancient Christian Apocrypha in German translation. Volume I: Gospels and Related. (two volumes). 7th edition. the collection of the New Testament Apocrypha founded by Edgar Hennecke and continued by Wilhelm Schneemelcher. Mohr Siebeck , Tübingen 2012, ISBN 978-3-16-150087-9 , pp. 983-1002, pp. 987 ff German translation, following the text by Gijsel.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Markschies 1,2, p. 983.