Pteria (genus)

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Pteria
Bird clam (Pteria hirundo)

Bird clam ( Pteria hirundo )

Systematics
Class : Mussels (Bivalvia)
Subclass : Autolamellibranchiata
Subclass : Pteriomorphia
Order : Pteriida
Family : Wing clams (Pteriidae)
Genre : Pteria
Scientific name
Pteria
Scopoli , 1798

Pteria is the eponymous genus of winged mussels (Pteriidae) from the order of the Pteriida . The oldest species of the genus Pteria come from the Permian .

features

The somewhat unevenly-hinged, slightly bulbous cases of the Pteria species are mostly more or less oblique-egg-shaped, occasionally even indented on the side. The left flap is usually a little more arched than the right flap. The vertebrae sit near the front end and are curved forward. The dorsal margin is straight and mostly drawn out into long wing-like appendages ( ears ) behind and in front . Usually the rear extension is much longer than the front extension and can even exceed the total length of the housing body ( Pteria peasi ). There is a slot for the byssus below the front ear of the right flap . The cardinal field ( lock ) has a flat triangular ligament pit that is slightly oblique to the rear. The lock has one or two short, tooth-like appendages below the vertebra.

The surface of the housing is smooth with weak growth strips and / or with radial wrinkles. The periostracum is fibrous, often flaky, and can be extended to hair at the edge of the housing.

Juvenile specimens still have two sphincter muscles. In the adult animals the anterior sphincter muscle is greatly or completely reduced; they only have one sphincter.

Geographical distribution and habitat

The species of the genus Pteria are now found worldwide in tropical and subtropical seas. Only a few species penetrate into temperate areas. They come from shallow water (approx. 5 m) to greater water depths (deeper than 1500 meters). They live on hard ground with byssus threads attached.

Taxonomy

The genus Pteria was established by Giovanni Antonio Scopoli in 1777 . Type species is Mytilus hirundo Linné, 1758 by monotype. The World Register of Marine Species and the Paleobiology Database add the following recent and fossil species to the genus Pteria . Many species, especially the fossil ones, are poorly known, so that there may be even greater changes in the number of species.

Synonyms according to the World Register of Marine Species are: Austropteria Iredale, 1939, Avicula Bruguière, 1792, Electroma (Pterelectroma) Iredale, 1939, Magnavicula Iredale, 1939 and Pterelectroma Iredale, 1939.

supporting documents

literature

  • S. Peter Dance, Rudo von Cosel (arrangement of the German edition): The great book of sea shells. 304 p., Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart, 1977 ISBN 3-8001-7000-0 (p. 230)
  • Markus Huber: Compendium of bivalves. 901 S., Hackenheim, ConchBooks, 2010 ISBN 978-3-939767-28-2
  • Rudolf Kilias: Lexicon marine mussels and snails. 2nd edition, 340 p., Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1997 ISBN 3-8001-7332-8 (p. 262)
  • Raymond Cecil Moore (Ed.): Treatise on invertebrate paleontology. Mollusca, 6, Bivalvia 1. XXXVIII, 489 pp., New York, 1969 (pp. N302).
  • Fritz Nordsieck : The European seashells: From the Arctic Ocean to Cape Verde, the Mediterranean Sea and the like. Black Sea. 256 p., Stuttgart, G. Fischer 1969 (p. 41).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Giovanni Antonio Scopoli: Introductio ad historiam naturalem, sistens genera lapidum, plantarum, et animalium hactenus detecta, caracteribus essentialibus donata in tribus divisa, subinde ad leges naturae. 506 pp., Pragae / Prague; Gerle, 1777 Online at Bayerische Staatsbibliothek digital (p. 397)
  2. ^ A b World Register of Marine Species: Pteria Scopoli, 1777
  3. ^ Paleobiology Database: Pteria Scopoli 1777
  4. ↑ a b c d e Frank E. Eames: Tertiary Marine Pelecyüods of California and Baja California: Nuculidae through Malleidae. United States Geological Suvery Professional Paper 1228-A: A1-A108, 1983 Online at Google Books

Web links

Commons : Pteria  - collection of images, videos and audio files