Huan of Qi

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Duke Huan of Qi ( Chinese  齊桓公 , Pinyin Qí Huán Gōng ; † 643 BC ) was a Chinese ruler during the spring and autumn annals . He ruled the state of Qi from 685 BC. Until his death. During this time, Qi reached the height of its power. King Xi of Zhou bestowed Huan in 679 BC. Some privileges that otherwise only belonged to the king, making him ruler of the princes. Hence, the Huan of Qi is considered to be the first of the Five Hegemons .

After his accession to the throne as Duke of Qi, Huan made the eminent politician Guan Zhong chancellor on the advice of his confidante Bao Shuya . He introduced reforms that made Qi the most powerful state of its time, which enabled Duke Huan to exert great influence outside of Qi. Under the slogan "Respect the emperor, drive out the barbarians " ( Chinese 尊王攘夷 , Pinyin Zunwáng rǎngyí ) he gained dominance over the other states of China. He supported Yan , Wei and Xing in the fight against barbaric tribes. He also called on several states to attack Chu in order to defend the king's honor.  

The slogan "Respect the emperor, drive out the barbarians" was later reused in Japan at the time of the Meiji Restoration as sonnō jōi .

personal data
SURNAME Huan of Qi
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Qí Huán Gōng
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Duke of Qi
DATE OF BIRTH 8th century BC Chr.
DATE OF DEATH 643 BC Chr.