Evacuation concept
In German federal states, the organizer of an event can be required to provide an evacuation concept on the basis of Section 42 MvStättVO within the framework of the fire protection regulations . It can stand alone or as an attachment to the safety concept . An alarm concept may be required as part of the concept .
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The case of an evacuation or evacuation occurs in severe emergency situations with medical or meteorological causes, e.g. B. in a storm . In this case, all aspects should be described as precisely as possible.
This concerns:
- responsible persons with availability
- Description of the site
- existing fire protection systems
- Creation of a list of possible dangers and the reaction up to and including the alarms
- the distribution of tasks for all actors
- the process from the occurrence of the event to the complete evacuation with all intermediate stages
It is important to also consider people with special needs. Disabled and elderly people may need special help from the security or medical service in order to be able to leave the premises.
Visitor dynamics
The highest capacity has a traffic area along which people move when the density of people is between 1.5 and 2 people per square meter. If this is exceeded, movement is inhibited and there is a traffic jam.
The capacity in visitors per second then corresponds to the width of the path in meters multiplied by the density of people (number of people per m²) and their average walking speed .
If a larger group of people is waiting to be admitted to an event, there is usually a density of 3 to 5 people per square meter. When people are in a hurry, densities of around 6 people per square meter arise. A common forward movement is then hardly possible even with triple steps. Even higher densities result when pressing from behind. For the maximum filling of cable cars with skiers, for example, densities of 8 people per square meter are expected. There is then multiple physical contact even with people who are standing still. If one assumes an average width of a standing Central European with arms lying flat of 50 cm and a depth of 30 cm, this value is close to the maximum achievable.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Project BaSiGo - Security at large events ( Memento of the original from August 14, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. - PDF file, accessed October 23, 2018
- ↑ a b c Dr. Dirk Oberhagemann: Static and dynamic crowd densities at major events , Technical Report TB 13-01, 1st edition, March 2012, Technical and Scientific Advisory Board (TWB) of the Association for the Promotion of German Fire Protection
