Reed plant
When reed plants a subgroup is wetland plants indicated that get deep in water banks up to about 1.5 m water depth. Among the (littoral) marsh plants growing on the bank, a few species such as the pond horsetail ( Equisetum fluviatile ) and common pond rush ( Schoenoplectus lacustris ) are able to assimilate under water ; most species have roots in shallow water, but are able to assimilate on the Dependent on the airspace, their leaves perish when flooded. Therefore they do not belong to the aquatic plants .
Many reed plants can form dense stands, the reed beds, due to their strong rhizomes . These are often single species, occasionally a few species mix. Reed plants can grow on land (terrestrial), they penetrate the bank zone of water in closed reed beds to a water depth of 1.2 to 2 meters. Loose, sparse stands penetrate a little further into areas remote from the bank, but rarely more than 3 meters water depth. Extensive populations are therefore limited to shallow waters and shallow banks. Dense rhizome mats can rarely float up and then even build up floating islands without contact with the ground.
The most competitive plant species in the reed beds is the reed ( Phragmites australis ), which forms large-scale pure stands due to the pronounced vegetative reproduction. Under certain conditions, such as nutrient richness, changing water levels or stronger currents, species such as broad-leaved cattails ( Typha latifolia ), narrow-leaved cattails ( Typha angustifolia ), swaths of water ( Glyceria maxima ), knotty hedgehog ( Sparganium erectum ) and reed grass ( Phalaris arundinacea ) form dominant reed beds (all examples are also common species in Central Europe).
In the classification scheme of the Czech vegetation expert Slavomil Hejný, who divided the aquatic and bank plants into ten ecological groups, the reed plants are called arundophytes. However, this term is rarely used.
swell
- Heinz Ellenberg : Vegetation of Central Europe with the Alps from an ecological, dynamic and historical perspective. 5th, heavily changed and improved edition. Ulmer, Stuttgart 1996, ISBN 3-8001-2696-6 , pp. 436 and 448 ff.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Gerhard Wiegleb (1991): The life and growth forms of macrophytic aquatic plants and their relationships to the ecology, distribution and socialization of species. Tuexenia 11: 135-147.