Rōei
Rōei ( Japanese 朗 詠 , "to sing joyfully with a loud voice") describes a medieval form of Japanese singing or reciting poems. Mainly the poem forms Kanshi were sung in the Heian period (794–1185) according to different melodies at festivals and accompanied by a choir. Waka were later sung in the same way.
The instrumental accompaniment has changed several times since the Heian period. All the wind and string instruments common in the courtly Gagaku musical style were used in different combinations. These included the bamboo flute fue , the double reed instrument hichiriki , the mouth organ shō , the vaulted board zithers koto and wagon and, in earlier times, the short-necked lute biwa .
Collections
- The first collection of Rōei is the Wakan-rōeishū ( 和 漢 朗 詠 集 ) by Fujiwara no Kintō (966-1041). It includes Chinese and Japanese Kanshi (588 in total) and 216 Waka; the collection was a wedding present to his daughter Fujiwara no Ishi ( 藤原 威 子 ). The original text of the Japanese national anthem Kimi Ga Yo goes back to the Iwai ( 祝 ) section of the last part of the anthology.
- The Shinsen-rōeishū ( 新 撰 朗 詠 集 ) by Fujiwara Mototoshi , compiled around the time of Toba (Tennō) , comprises 540 Kanshi and 203 Waka.
literature
- Eta Harich-Schneider : Rōei, the Medieval Songs of Japan. In: Monumenta Nipponica, Tokyo 1958–1960
- Bruno Lewin (ed.): Small dictionary of Japanese studies . Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1981, ISBN 3-447-00530-0
Individual evidence
- ^ Eta Harich-Schneider: Rōei. The Medieval Court Songs of Japan [Continued]. In: Monumenta Nipponica, Vol. 14, No. 3/4, October 1958 - January 1959, pp. 319–355, here p. 350