Rabbi Meir
Rabbi Meir Ba'al HaNes (Hebrew Enlightener , Eruwin 13b; his actual name is said to have been Meascha , also according to Eruwin 13b ; also called miracle worker , see below ; - the Jewish name Meier is derived from the name Meir) was a leading Tannaite of the 3rd or 4th generation (2nd century), d. H. one of the authors of the Mishnah .
He was Rabbi Akiba's most important student (see the history of the origins of the Mishnah ). Since his patronymic is unknown, the tradition developed that he was like Akiba Proselyt. Before that he was a student of Ishmael and Acher (of the apostate Elisha ben Abuja ). Rabbi Meir's wife Berurja , the only woman described as a scholar in rabbinical literature, of whom numerous anecdotes have been handed down in rabbinical literature , was the daughter of Chanina ben Teradjon .
According to tradition, Rabbi Meir is said to have been ordained with four other students of Akiba during the Bar Kochba revolt . He fled abroad during the war and only returned years later. In Usha in western Galilee he re- founded the Sanhedrin .
After he had fallen out with the Nasi Shimon ben Gamliel II , he opened his own school in Tiberias .
R. Meir is significant as a halachist as well as an aggadist and teller of legends (cf. Sanhedrin 38b). He had a special share in the editorial team of the Mishnah, in which he is mentioned about 330 times.
According to Scherira, the anonymous teaching within the Mishnah is that of Meir (who relies on Akiba, who in turn has taken over from his teachers). It is anonymous because Meir had enjoyed the lessons of Elisha ben Abuja, who was a great scholar, but also an apostate who could not be invoked. Meir was reprimanded for studying with him, but used to defend himself by saying that he enjoyed the fruit and threw away the peel . Nevertheless, for this reason Meir is not quoted by name, but only with the designation acherim ("but teach others ...").
Meir's Torah interpretation is considered to be particularly astute and subtle. As a result, however, decisions were often made contrary to one's opinion.
R. Meir was known for his extraordinary tolerance towards non-Jews (e.g. a close relationship with the Greek philosopher Euonymos from Gedara) and towards apostates (such as Elisha ben Abuja).
Although he died in Asia Minor , according to the Middle Ages he was buried in Tiberias, where his grave has been venerated on a hill in Tiberias-Hammat between two synagogues ever since. According to legend, prayers are especially answered at his grave. This is why Rabbi Meir is now also known as ba'al ha-nes (Eng. "The miracle worker").
literature
- Israel Konovitz: Rabbi Meir, Collected Sayings . Jerusalem 1967 (Hebrew)
- NG Cohen: Rabbi Meir, A Descendant of Anatolian Proselytes. New Light on His Name and the Historical Kernel of the Nero Legend in Gittin 56a , 1972
- R. Goldenberg: The Sabbath Law of Rabbi Meir . Missoula 1978
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Adin Steinsaltz : Talmud for everyone , Verlag Morascha, Basel, 2nd ed., 1998, p. 180
- ↑ Michael Krupp : The Talmud / An introduction to the basic script of Judaism with selected texts , Gütersloher Verlagshaus, 1995, pp. 43 and 44
- ↑ Amelia Thomas, Michael Kohn, Miriam Raphael, Dan Savery Raz: Israel / Palestine , Verlag Lonely Planet Deutschland, 2010, p. 274
- ↑ Michael Krupp: Der Talmud / An introduction to the basic script of Judaism with selected texts , Gütersloher Verlagshaus, 1995, p. 44
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Rabbi Meir |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Tannaite |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1st century or 2nd century |
| DATE OF DEATH | 2nd century |