Revenge porn

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As revenge porn or revenge porn refers to pornographic or revealing videos or pictures of a person without their consent often as part of a revenge act will be published.

Affected and expiration

The dissemination of intimate pictures in Germany can represent a violation of the very personal sphere of life through picture taking according to § 201a of the Criminal Code.

Frequently affected persons are, for example, ex-partners, well-known personalities, disputes and people who are exposed to bullying . In addition, this material is often used as a punishment for having an affair or termination of a relationship or as a threat to maintain or restore a relationship. It mostly affects women of young and middle age. A study by Monash University in Melbourne found that every fifth person between the ages of 18 and 45 has already been a victim of revenge porn.

This content is published on social networks , porn sites or on the darknet . However, a targeted transfer to people from the private or work environment of the person via instant messaging is a tactic. The victims can be made aware of this in a targeted manner, but this can also be concealed so that it is difficult for them to find out about it. Hacking attacks can also take place in order to gain access to the content and publish it , which is more common with celebrities .

Furthermore, such files could arise through image processing or video editing as well as the use of deep fake technology. The successful use of deepfake for the purpose of revenge porn, however, has never been documented. Normal images can be changed freely or pornographically, but this does not change the situation much legally.

consequences

Shame , feelings of guilt , fears and depression can occur in those affected . The perpetrators can also blackmail the victims with the content and publicly expose and humiliate them. Publication can damage the victim's relationships with others and cast the victim in a bad light. Facts can also be misrepresented and the identity of the victim is misrepresented, which can lead to stigmatization and z. B. discourages potential employers or partners or leads to job loss. Other people can also feel sexually aroused by the depiction and additionally harass the victim. In the case of minors , a publication also constitutes child pornography .

Measures against revenge porn

Almost all major websites offer the option to delete content and to block and block users. If you want to take legal action against the perpetrator, it can be difficult to identify the perpetrator due to the anonymity and pseudonymity on the Internet as well as the frequent back and forth of data. The victim has the right to have the content removed from search engines and websites, even if they are abroad ( right to be forgotten ). The perpetrators can be prosecuted in criminal law and sexual criminal law for violations of personal rights and unauthorized publication ( right to one's own picture ), psychological and sexual violence, cyber-bullying and, if necessary, misrepresentation and sexual insult. However, the removal of the videos or photos in question can be a lengthy process, as they can hardly be distinguished from amateur pornography at first . If the offender does not respond despite the right to cease and desist, you should contact the site operator with proof of the victim's own identity. Since the operators of the porn sites are mostly based abroad, there may be no response or it may be slow. The distribution can hardly be stopped if the relevant content is mirrored by other websites by then and thus made accessible outside the access area of ​​the censor.

In 2017, Facebook started a pilot project to curb so-called revenge porn, which was discontinued. To prevent the spread of nudity and pornography, algorithms that specialize in image recognition have been used.

At Google , the guidelines and search results have been adjusted to prevent revenge pornography. In many cases, however, a court order is required, which is submitted using the appropriate form. However, if you switch to other search engines, the videos in question could still be found.

Statistics and dissemination

On Facebook alone , 54,000 revenge porn cases are checked every month, but these only relate to reported cases. Hence the actual number is significantly larger. Over half of the revenge porn is redistributed and published via Facebook and the accompanying messenger app. This was followed by Snapchat , Instagram , text messaging and MMS services .

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Marion Lenke: What you can do against "revenge porn" on the web. In: Focus Online . March 12, 2014, accessed February 9, 2020.
  2. ↑ a b Sheer horror for victims: women are hit en masse by revenge porn. In: Focus Online . October 18, 2017, accessed February 11, 2020 .
  3. ↑ Muzayen Al-Youssef: Fake revenge porn: Deepfakes are becoming a real problem. In: derStandard.at . January 31, 2018, accessed February 17, 2020 .
  4. ↑ STANDARD Verlagsgesellschaft mbH: Revenge porn on the net: How to have photos deleted from you . In: derStandard.at . ( derstandard.at [accessed on February 11, 2018]).
  5. ↑ Danielle Keats Citron: 'Revenge porn' should be a crime in US In: edition.cnn.com. January 16, 2014, accessed June 27, 2020 .
  6. ↑ Oliver Junge: Sat.1-Film: "Nackt": The defended honor of Lara Wilms . In: FAZ.NET . April 4, 2017, ISSN  0174-4909 ( faz.net [accessed February 11, 2018]).
  7. ↑ STANDARD Verlagsgesellschaft mbH: Revenge porn on the net: How to have photos deleted from you . In: derStandard.at . ( derstandard.at [accessed on February 11, 2018]).
  8. ↑ FOCUS Online: You could defend yourself - what you can do in Germany . In: FOCUS Online . ( focus.de [accessed on February 11, 2018]).
  9. ↑ Anke Evers: Protection against revenge porn: Facebook collects nude photos . ( e-recht24.de [accessed on February 11, 2018]).
  10. ↑ Patrick Beuth: Nude photos: Facebook defends its project against "revenge porn" . In: The time . November 10, 2017, ISSN  0044-2070 ( zeit.de [accessed February 11, 2018]).
  11. ↑ Humiliation online: Facebook wants to take action against revenge porn . In: Spiegel Online . April 5, 2017 ( spiegel.de [accessed February 11, 2018]).
  12. ↑ Mark Zuckerberg: Facebook takes stronger action against "revenge porn" . In: The time . April 6, 2017, ISSN  0044-2070 ( zeit.de [accessed February 11, 2018]).
  13. ↑ Christian Stöcker: Naked pictures on the net: Google wants to delete revenge porn links . In: Spiegel Online . June 20, 2015 ( spiegel.de [accessed February 11, 2018]).
  14. ↑ "Revenge porn" victims complain more often to Facebook. Retrieved February 11, 2018 (Austrian German).