Raphaël Blanchard
Raphaël Anatole Émile Blanchard (born February 28, 1857 in Saint-Christophe-sur-le-Nais , Département Indre-et-Loire ; † February 7, 1919 in Paris ) was a French doctor ( physiology , histology , parasitology ), zoologist and Entomologist . He took an excellent position in French medicine and zoology and was interested in many things.
Life
Blanchard studied medicine at the Sorbonne from 1875 and became an assistant to Charles-Philippe Robin in the department of zoological histology. In 1877/78 he studied embryology in Vienna, anatomy and zoology in Bonn in Leipzig. From 1878 to 1883 he was Paul Bert's assistant at the Laboratory for Physiology of the Sorbonne . At the same time he taught natural history in 1878 at the prestigious Paris high schools Lycée Saint-Louis and Lycée Louis-le-Grand. In 1880 he received his doctorate from Paul Bert with a dissertation on the use of nitrous oxide for anesthesia according to the Bert method in medicine. In 1883 he became a lecturer in parasitology at the Sorbonne and gave the first courses in medical parasitology in France. In 1897 he became a professor of medical zoology. In 1906 this chair was renamed as a chair for parasitology. With parts of his own collection he also set up a museum for parasitology there.
With Alphonse Milne-Edwards he organized international zoological congresses in 1889 and was active in the committee for the definition of zoological nomenclature. In 1898 he became president of the International Committee for Zoological Nomenclature. In 1896 he attended a microbiology course at the Pasteur Institute. At the end of the 1890s he also took part in the debates on educational reform in France.
In 1898 he founded the journal Archives de Parasitologie as editor. In 1902 he was instrumental in founding the Institut de Médecine Coloniale, which in 1903 organized an expedition led by Emile Brumpt (1877–1951) to research sleeping sickness in Africa. In 1902 he and others founded the Société française d'Histoire Médicale and was its first president. During the First World War he was a member of the Malaria Commission headed by Alphonse Laveran .
Topics he dealt with included mold, parasitic protozoa and worms, leeches, mites, millipedes, diseases transmitted or caused by insects, mosquitoes (which he monographed on in 1905), and history of medicine.
He was also interested in American studies, was a member of the Société des Americanistes de Paris and visited archaeological museums on his trips to America and Mexico. In 1914 he published a treatise on the folk dance Bacchu-ber in Briançon in Folklore .
In 1876 he and others founded the Société Zoologique de France, of which he became general secretary. In 1884 he became a member of the Société de Biologie. In 1912 he became a member of the Academie des Medecine and was its secretary. In 1909 he became a member of the Société de pathologie exotique.
Fonts
- Les mustiques. Histoire naturelle et médicale, Paris: FR de Rudeval, 1905
- Traité de zoologie médical, 2 volumes, 1883
- with Paul Bert: Éléments de zoologie, Paris: G. Masson, 1885
Web links
- Nekrolog , Journal de la Société des Américanistes, Volume 11, 1919, pp. 621-622
- Pasteur Institute, biography
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Blanchard, Raphaël |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Blanchard, Raphaël Anatole Émile |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French entomologist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 28, 1857 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Saint-Christophe-sur-le-Nais |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 7, 1919 |
| Place of death | Paris |