Raphaelle Peale

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Charles Willson Peale: Raphaelle Peale
Venus Rising from the Sea - A Deception (After the Bath)
Still Life: Strawberries, Nuts & c.

Raphaelle Peale ( February 17, 1774 - March 25, 1825 in Philadelphia ) was an American painter . While his father Charles Willson Peale still regarded the still life genre as a topic for amateurs, Raphaelle Peale is considered the founder of professional American still life painting.

Life

Raphaelle Peale was the eldest surviving son of Charles Willson Peale and, like his siblings, was named after a famous artist. Peale married Martha Ann McGlathery (1775-1852) in 1797. Among the couple's children are Sophonisba (1801–1878), Charles Willson (1802–1829), Rubens (1808–1891) and Margaret (1810–1847), named after Peale relatives. Sophonisba married the painter James Peale Jr. (1789–1876) in 1822, the son of the painter James Peale, who was an uncle of her father.

Peale was instructed in painting (including portrait painting) by his father and also worked in his museum. In 1792 he traveled to Mexico and South America to collect natural history exhibits for the museum. Occasionally he also worked as a taxidermist .

In 1797 Peale and his brother Rembrandt Peale tried to establish a museum in Charleston , but were unsuccessful.

From 1803 Peale toured Virginia with the Physiognotrace , a machine for creating profiles. In 1808, Peale was hospitalized with delirium tremens . In addition, he suffered from gout , possibly the result of poisoning with arsenic and mercury , which he had suffered while working in the museum. Since 1813 he needed crutches.

Peale devoted himself entirely to still life and trompe l'oeil painting. From 1811 until his death and beyond until 1852, Peale exhibited in the annual exhibitions of the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts , which also acquired some of his still lifes.

Charles Willson Peale disagreed with his son's choice of motif:

“I hope on the next annual Exhibition that you will shine as a Portrait Painter - for as i have always said, if you could have confidence in yourself, and paint portraits with the same exactness of finish as you have done in still life, that no artist could be your superior in that line. "

“I hope that at the next annual exhibition [of the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts] you will distinguish yourself as a portrait painter - there, as I have always said, if you had confidence in yourself, and paint portraits with such exactness of finish as you did in the still life, no artist would be your equal in this respect. "

- Charles Willson Peale : The Peale Family, Creation of a Legacy, 1770-1870, p. 136

An example of his trompe l'œil works is the painting Venus Rising from the Sea - A Deception (After the Bath) , which was created as a joke to deceive his wife. The painting also served as a model for the catalog: A Deception of his cousin Margaretta Angelica Peale.

Peale died at the age of 51 after a night of heavy drinking in his Philadelphia home .

Works

  • Blackberries , 1813, oil on panel, 18.4 × 26 cm, The Fine Arts Museum of San Francisco
  • Melons and Morning Glories , 1813, oil on canvas, 52.7 × 65.4 cm, National Museum of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington
  • Still Life with Strawberries and Ostrich Egg Cup , 1814, oil on panel, 31.1 × 48.9 cm
  • A Dessert , 1814, oil on panel, 33.9 × 48.3 cm, National Gallery of Art, Washington
  • Apples and Fox Grapes , 1815, oil on panel, 9 1/2 "x 11 3/4", Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, Philadelphia
  • Cutlet and Vegetables , 1816, oil on panel , 46.4 x 61.6 cm, Timken Museum of Art, San Diego
  • Still Life with Celery and Wine , 1816, oil on panel, 31.4 × 43.5 cm, Munson-Williams-Proctor Institute Museum of Art, Utica
  • Still Life with Steak , 1817, oil on panel, 33.9 × 49.5 cm, Munson-Williams-Proctor Institute Museum of Art, Utica
  • Still Life with Cake , 1822, oil on panel, 24.1 × 28.9 cm, Brooklyn Museum of Art
  • Venus Rising from the Sea - A Deception (After the Bath) , 1822, oil on canvas, 74.3 × 61.9 cm, Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art , Kansas City
  • Lemons and Sugar , 1822, oil on panel, 32.4 x 40.3 cm, Reading Public Museum
  • Still Life: Strawberries, Nuts & c. , 1822, oil on panel, 41.6 × 57.8 cm, The Art Institute of Chicago

literature

  • Alexander Nemerov, The body of Raphaelle Peale: still life and selfhood, 1812-1824, Berkeley, Univ. of California Press, 2001, ISBN 0-520-22498-1
  • Lillian B. Miller, The Peale Family, Creation of a Legacy, 1770-1870, Abbeville Press, 1996, ISBN 0-7892-0206-9

Web links

Commons : Raphaelle Peale  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

Footnotes

  1. ↑ In the literature, both Annapolis (Maryland) and Philadelphia (Pennsylvania) are given as the place of birth.
  2. ^ Charles H. Elam, The Peale Family, Three Generations of American Artists , The Detroit Institute of Arts, and Wayne State University Press, 1967
  3. ↑ National Gallery of Art, October 10, 2007 ( Memento of the original from October 4, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.nga.gov
  4. ↑ a b c d Raphaelle Peale in the Find a Grave database . Retrieved September 5, 2017.
  5. ^ A b Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, 200 Years of Excellence, ISBN 0-943836-24-7 , p. 102
personal data
SURNAME Peale, Raphaelle
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Peale, Raphael
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American still life painter
DATE OF BIRTH February 17, 1774
PLACE OF BIRTH Annapolis or Philadelphia
DATE OF DEATH March 25, 1825
Place of death Philadelphia