Reactive lymphocyte
Reactive lymphocytes are lymphocytes that become larger as a result of antigen stimulation. Typically, they can be more than 30 µm in diameter, as well as different sizes and shapes.
The cell nuclei of a reactive lymphocyte can be round, elliptical, indented, jagged or folded. Cytoplasm is often abundant and can be basophilic . Vacuoles and / or azurophil granules are also sometimes present. In most cases, the cytoplasm is gray, light blue, or deep blue in color.
The prominent cell associated with EBV or CMV is known as the "Downey cell". It was named after Hal Downey , who contributed to the characterization in 1923. Sometimes it is incorrectly referred to as the "Downy cell".
causes
Reactive lymphocytes are usually related to viral diseases, but can also occur as a result of drug effects (such as phenytoin ), vaccinations , radiation , hormonal causes (such as stress and Addison's disease ), and some autoimmune diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis ).
Some pathogen- related causes include:
- Epstein-Barr Virus
- Human cytomegalovirus
- Toxoplasma gondii
- Treponema pallidum ( syphilis )
- Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococci ),
- Hepatitis C.
- Hantaviruses
Web links
- Michael W. Simon: Review Article: The Atypical Lymphocyte ( Memento of February 6, 2009 in the Internet Archive ), International Pediatrics Volume 18 (2003), No. 1
Individual evidence
- ↑ Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, William F. McNeely, Betty U. McNeely, Cathy G. Rosenfield, Mark A. Kaplan: Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological exercises. Case 24-1994. A two-year-old boy with thrombocytopenia, leukocytosis, and hepatosplenomegaly . In: N. Engl. J. Med. Band 330 , no. June 24 , 1994, pp. 1739-1746 , doi : 10.1056 / NEJM199406163302408 , PMID 8190136 .
- ^ H. Downey, McKinlay CA: Acute Lymphadenosis Compared with Acute Lymphatic Leukemia. In: Arch Intern Med. 32, 1923, pp. 82-112.
- ↑ MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Mononucleosis, photomicrograph of cells. Retrieved March 7, 2009 .
- ↑ CJ Peters, AS Khan: Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome: the new American hemorrhagic fever . In: Clin Infect Dis . tape 34 , no. 9 , 2002, p. 1224-1231 , doi : 10.1086 / 339864 , PMID 11941549 .