Reichsparteischule Rosa Luxemburg

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Headquarters of the party school "Rosa Luxemburg" in 1928 in Dresden-Loschwitz, Kirchbachstrasse 4 (today An der Berglehne 4, photo from 2011)

The Reich Party School "Rosa Luxemburg" was a central educational institution of the Communist Party of Germany (KPD). It existed from 1927 to 1933. In 1928 it was named after the KPD co-founder, Rosa Luxemburg .

history

The building of the Reichsparteischule in Schöneiche.

The establishment of a party school was decided in March 1927 at the 11th party congress of the KPD in Essen. Immediately afterwards, from April 1 to May 31, 1927, the first seminar took place at the youth castle Hohnstein (Saxon Switzerland) . From January to March 1928 a second course followed in a villa in the Loschwitz-Weißer Hirsch district of Dresden. At this time the party school was named "Rosa Luxemburg". In January 1929, the move to the final quarter in Kurzen Strasse 5/6 (now 11) in Fichtenau (today a district of Schöneiche near Berlin ). The Swiss communist Mentona Moser made the house and land available from an inheritance. The party school in Fichtenau was opened on February 3, 1929. Erich Wundersee acted as administrator from 1929 to 1933.

The last course of the Reichsparteischule began in December 1932 and had to be broken off in February 1933 after the Nazis came to power. On March 2, 1933, the SA occupied the building as auxiliary police, which from then on served a wide variety of purposes.

Paul Görbing, one of the participants in the last course in the party school, at a memorial event in the Schöneiche memorial in 1974.

In December 1973, the SED Central Committee's secretariat decided to open a memorial and educational facility in the former party school of the KPD in Schöneiche-Fichtenau, which existed until the political upheaval of 1989/90. Today the house is privately owned again.

curriculum

Important course content was the teaching of Marxist-Leninist philosophy, political economy and the history of the labor movement. There were u. a. Lessons on strategy and tactics, agricultural policy, military policy and social policy as well as courses for aspiring MPs. The historian Martin Sabrow comes to the conclusion that the party school did not impart knowledge, but above all imparted faith.

The classics of Marxism-Leninism were mainly used as teaching materials, in particular Das Kapital by Karl Marx , Imperialism as the Highest Stage of Capitalism , State and Revolution , Imperialism and Empirio-Criticism by VI Lenin .

Teacher

The teachers included Hermann Duncker , Ernst Schneller , Franz Dahlem , Karl August Wittfogel , Fred Oelßner , Theodor Neubauer , Philipp Dengel and Ernst Noffke . Often Soviet guest lecturers taught at the school. At the beginning or at the end of the courses leading KPD functionaries such as Ernst Thälmann and Wilhelm Pieck appeared as lecturers.

student

The participants in the courses were proposed for the course by the party districts or the leadership of the KPD-related associations KJVD , Red Front Fighter League and Red Aid and selected by the party leadership. Attending the Reichsparteischule should enable the graduates to take on management positions in the KPD and the subsidiary organizations. Students included Etkar André , Hans Beimler , Conrad Blenkle , Lea Grundig , Hasso Grabner , Grete Groh-Kummerlöw , Erich Honecker , Hans Jendretzky , Emmy Damerius-Koenen , Karl Mewis , Anton Saefkow and Elli Schmidt .

literature

  • Back then in Fichtenau. Memories of the central party school of the KPD. Schöneiche-Fichtenau memorial and educational center 1980.
  • Proven in battle. From the opening of the Schöneiche-Fichtenau memorial and educational center. 1974.
  • Fritz Ludwig, Klaus Gäbler, Heinz Moritz: Schöneiche-Fichtenau memorial and educational center. 1973 (2nd, expanded edition 1977).
  • Heinrich-Wilhelm Wörmann: Closure and occupation of the Reich Party School of the KPD . In: ders .: Resistance in Köpenick and Treptow. German Resistance Memorial Center. 2nd edition, Berlin 2010, pp. 101-105.

Web links

Commons : Reichsparteischule der KPD  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cf. Mentona Moser: Under the roofs of Morcote. My life story. Edited and with an afterword by Ilse Schiel. Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1985, p. 261 f.
  2. ↑ Wundersee, Erich . In: Hermann Weber , Andreas Herbst : German Communists. Biographisches Handbuch 1918 to 1945. 2nd, revised and greatly expanded edition. Dietz, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-320-02130-6 .
  3. ↑ Martin Sabrow : Erich Honecker. The life before. 1912-1945 . CH Beck Verlag, Munich 2016, p. 68.