Rhamnus crocea
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Rhamnus crocea |
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Rhamnus crocea ( English spiny redberry ) is a plant from the family of Buckthorn family . It isnative tothe southwestern United States .
description
Rhamnus crocea is an evergreen shrub up to two meters high. It usually appears in the chaparral ; typical companion species are Heteromeles arbutifolia and Prunus ilicifolia .
distribution
Rhamnus crocea covers two important mountain oysters. In California, it surrounds the entire San Joaquin Valley , the mountain ranges on the Pacific coast and the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada . In Arizona it can be found all the way from the Mogollon Rim to the western region of the White Mountains.
Systematics
Two subspecies have been described:
- Rhamnus crocea subsp. crocea ( English redberry buckthorn )
- Rhamnus crocea subsp. pilosa ( English hollyleaf buckthorn ); native to California , Arizona, and Baja California .
use
The fruits of Rhamnus crocea were eaten by the American Indians in the western United States. Eaten in large quantities, the fruits are said to cause reddening of the entire skin.
Individual evidence
- ↑ LeRoy Abrams: Illustrated Flora of the Pacific States . Stanford University Press, 1951, ISBN 0-8047-0005-2 , p. 874.
- ↑ C. Michael Hogan: Toyon (Heteromeles arbutifolia) . In: GlobalTwitcher . N. Stromberg. 2008. Archived from the original on July 19, 2009. Retrieved on May 29, 2019.
- ^ Elbert L. Little: Map 150-SW, Rhamnus crocea , hollyleaf buckthorn . In: Minor Western Hardwoods (= Atlas of United States Trees), Volume 3. US Government Printing Office, 1976.
- ^ Nancy Dale: Flowering Plants of the Santa Monica Mountains , Revised. Edition 2000.
- ^ Charles Francis Saunders: Useful Wild Plants of the United States and Canada . RM McBride & Company, 1934, p. 257.