Rosids

The rosids are a group of flowering plants . They are one of the two large groups within the eudicotyledons . According to the systematics of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group , they are not a separate taxon and in terms of size they roughly correspond to the earlier subclass rose-like .

features

The Rosids are essentially characterized by molecular genetic traits and there are few common morphological traits. Its flowers usually have a double inflorescence consisting of calyx and crown , with the petals often not growing together. In addition, there are two stamen circles or the androeceum is increased secondarily inwards (centripetal) or outwards (centrifugal). The gynoeceum is often septate. The ovules are crassinucellate , have two integuments and the endosperm is formed by nucleus. Discus nectaries are often found at the base of the flowers .

Systematics

Within the eudicotyledons, the rosids form the main group of superrosids , which they form together with the saxifragales . They consist of two groups of orders and a basal order. A cladogram looks like this:

	Fabids     Malvids     Vital

Rosids

• Grapevines (Vitales)

Fabids

The Fabids (also Eurosiden I) are only defined by molecular genetic features, morphological synapomorphies have not yet been defined.

The following orders belong to the fabids :

• Zygophyllales (Zygophyllales)
• Fabales (Fabales)
• Rose-like (rosales)
• Beech-like (Fagales)
• Pumpkin-like (Cucurbitales)
• Spindle tree (Celastrales)
• Wood sorrel (Oxalidales)
• Malpighiales (Malpighiales)

The Fabid cladogram (Eurosiden I) looks like this:

	Fabales     Rosales     Fagales     Cucurbitales  COM clade  Oxalidales     Malpighiales     Celastrales     Zygophyllales

Malvids

The Malviden (also Eurosiden II) are characterized by a gynoeceum with simple styluses . Their seeds usually have very little endosperm .

The following orders belong to the Malviden:

• Cranesbill (geraniales)
• Myrtle-like (Myrtales)
• Crossosomatales
• Picramniales
• Huerteales
• Sapindales (Sapindales)
• Mallow-like (Malvales)
• Cruciferous (Brassicales)

The Malvid cladogram (Eurosiden II) looks like this:

	Geraniales     Myrtales     Crossosomatales     Picramniales     Malvales     Brassicales     Huerteales     Sapindales

Individual evidence

1. ^ ^{A b c} Andreas Bresinsky , Christian Körner , Joachim W. Kadereit , Gunther Neuhaus , Uwe Sonnewald : Textbook of Botany . Founded by Eduard Strasburger . 36th edition. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2008, ISBN 978-3-8274-1455-7 , p. 878 ff .
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e} The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group : An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV . Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2016, Volume 181, pp. 1-20. doi : 10.1111 / boj.12385