Rib addi

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Clay tablet with a letter from RibAddi to Pharaoh. Amarna letter EA 362, now owned by the Louvre

Rib-Addi (also Rib-Hadda or Rib-Adda ) was a king of the ancient Canaanite city-state Byblos , who lived around 1375 to 1355 BC. Ruled. In this epoch Byblos belonged to the vassals and trading partners of ancient Egypt ; Canaan and its kingdoms were the main suppliers of the Egyptians for the wood of the Lebanon cedar .

Amarna correspondence

Rib-Addi is only known from the Amarna letters : over 60 of his letters to the ancient Egyptian pharaoh Amenophis III, noted on clay tablets . as well as his son and successor Akhenaten (both 18th Dynasty, New Kingdom ) have been preserved, although some of them are duplicated. These letters provide information about the political situation at that time in the Levant (in what is now Lebanon ) and mainly report on the fighting between the individual states in this region. The main enemies of Rib-Addi were Abdi-Ashirta and his son Aziru from the state of Amurru , who at this time made a pact with the Hittites who were enemies with Egypt . Rib-Addi asked the two Egyptian pharaohs for military help several times after he had lost parts of his dominion. From the Amarna letters it emerges that at least under Amenophis III. Had received help. Rib-Addi's letters to Akhenaten probably went unanswered because he was mainly concerned with domestic political issues (see Amarna period ). In his last letter to Akhenaten, Ribaddi reports on the refuge he had temporarily found with the king of neighboring Berytus and of his threatened extradition to Aziru. After that his track is lost. The later written Amarna letter of a respected Berytian citizen to Akhenaten reports of the murder of several kings of the region, including that of Byblos.

Others

RibAddi was the first ruler who is said to have maintained Mercenaries from Scherden , probably as bodyguards. The Scherden (also Schardana), the origin of which is disputed, are counted among the sea ​​peoples and were in the 14th and 13th centuries BC. Coveted as a mercenary by Levantine rulers; they also served in the Egyptian army under Ramses II .

See also

literature

  • Maitland A. Edey: The early days of man - the beginnings of sea trade . rororo Sachbuch 74, Rowohlt Taschenbuch Verlag, Reinbek 1977. ISBN 3-499-18074-X . In it: Chapter The Correspondence of Amarna, p. 22 ff.
  • JA Knudtzon: Die el-Amarna-Tafeln, reprint of the edition from 1914, Otto Zeller Verlag, Aalen 1964.
  • William L. Moran: Les lettres d 'el Amarna Les Editions du cerf, Paris 1987.

Remarks

  1. ↑ Maitland A. Edey: The story of two Byblonian kings, in the beginnings of sea trade, rororo non-fiction book, p. 20
  2. ↑ a b Maitland A. Edey: The correspondence of Amarna, in the beginnings of sea trade, rororo non-fiction book, p. 23
  3. ↑ August Strobel: The Late Bronze Age Sea Peoples Storm: a research overview with conclusions on bibl. Exodusthematik (= supplements to the journal for Old Testament science. Volume 145). De Gruyter, Berlin 1976, ISBN 978-3-11-006761-3 , p. 190.
  4. ↑ Gustav Adolf Lehmann : The 'political-historical' relationships of the Aegean world of the 15th – 13th centuries. Jhs. v. About the Middle East and Egypt: some references. In: Joachim Latacz (Ed.): Two hundred years of Homer research. Review and Outlook (= Colloquium Rauricum. Volume 2). Teubner, Stuttgart 1991, ISBN 978-3-519-07412-0 , p. 114 f.
personal data
SURNAME Rib addi
BRIEF DESCRIPTION ancient king of Byblos
DATE OF BIRTH 15th century BC BC or 14th century BC Chr.
DATE OF DEATH 14th century BC Chr.