Richard Frey
Richard Frey ( Chinese 傅 萊 / 傅 莱 , Pinyin Fù Lái ; born February 11, 1920 in Vienna , † November 16, 2004 in Beijing ) was a Chinese doctor and politician from Austria . In 1938 he fled the Gestapo from Austria to China and spent the rest of his life in his adopted home. Because of his extraordinary contributions to national independence, national liberation and the land development of China, he earned a high reputation there.
Life
Richard Frey was born under the name Richard Stein as an only child in a wealthy Jewish family in Vienna. In 1930 he attended high school in Döblingen and later wished to become a doctor. With the great support of his parents, he studied privately and at the same time. a. X-ray technology at the Holzknecht X-ray Institute and the Kaiser Franz Joseph outpatient clinic and anniversary hospital in the upper level In his school days he was also politically active, at the age of 14 he joined the scouts and later the Communist Youth Association (KJV) and the Communist Party of Austria (KPÖ). As a result of Austria's "annexation" to Nazi Germany, he was expelled from school shortly before his Matura . At the end of 1938 he broke off his medical studies because of the threat of arrest by the Gestapo , fled Austria and finally came to China in early 1939. There he took part in the anti-Japanese war and in 1941 came to the war front in the "Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border area". There he changed his name from "Stein" to "Frey" and joined the Eighth March Army. In 1942 he applied for membership in the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). He was accepted into the party in 1944 and later participated as a guest auditor at the historically significant VII National Congress of the Communist Party of China in Yan'an .
He worked as a doctor in the army at the front and trained doctors and paramedics. In the war year 1943, the border region lacked the malaria drug quinine due to a hostile blockade . Instead, he is said to have used acupuncture to fight malaria in the troops, for which he received an award from Mao Zedong . In 1945 he succeeded in producing penicillin for the first time in China under difficult conditions in Yan'an - the political and military base of the Communist Party . As an advocate and advisor to the Yan'an-based research community of Chinese and Western medicine in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border region, he was a pioneer of integrative medical treatment in China.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, Richard Frey stayed there to help build land and was granted Chinese citizenship in 1952 .
Richard Frey worked a. a. For ten years as a doctor for disease control in remote areas in southwest China and from 1962 as a specialist and advisor to the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences in Beijing. Under his leadership, a national medical information network was established in China in the early 1980s. He founded or directed the establishment of the first computer database for the Beijing Medical Information Center in 1982. Before retiring, he was the chairman of the Information Institute and curator of the library of the Medical Scientific Academy of China.
During the Cultural Revolution and several political movements in China, Richard Frey experienced political oppression and unlawful treatment for years. It was not until 1983 that he was appointed a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) as a Foreign Expert by the CCP in Beijing and participated in the VI. VII., VIII. And IX. PKKCV part. In addition to his medical scientific work, he always tried to present the New China to the outside world and to build relationships between China and his old homeland Austria and western countries.
During the war he lost contact with his childhood sweetheart Hanna in Vienna and founded a family in Yan'an with his comrade Li Binzhu in 1945 . In the early 1960s this marriage was canceled for political reasons, and years later he married for the second time. In 1962, after the death of his father, he was allowed to return to Austria for the first time for a short time to visit his mother, who lived alone in Vienna.
Commemoration
On November 16, 2004, he died in Beijing at the age of 84. Both the Chinese President Hu Jintao and the Austrian President Heinz Fischer laid a wreath in honor of him. At his last will, his remains were donated to medical research.
On February 21, 2006, a memorial plaque for Richard Frey was unveiled at the Döblinger Gymnasium, the text of which was written by the Austrian President. On July 23, 2007, the Chinese government set up a monument to Richard Frey on the then front (near Beijing). His first wife was buried in Vienna that same day.
The life of Richard Frey can now be learned in many Chinese museums and his story has been recorded in various history books in China.
Web links
- Austrian Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Honors for Austrians in their hearts in China, Israel and England .
- Chinese history encyclopedia
- Comrade Frey memorial plaque unveiled in Vienna (Chinese Embassy in Vienna)
- Frey / Fu Lai [1]
- Baidu Beike Frey / Fu Lai [2]
- Hudong Baike Frey / Fu Lai [3]
literature
- To International Communist Richard Frey ISBN 978-7-81136-161-2 /R.161
- In memory of Richard Frey ISBN 978-7-5621-4375-8
- The Heavenly Ford ISBN 978-7-201-06559-5
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Frey, Richard |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Stein, Richard (maiden name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austro-Chinese doctor |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 11, 1920 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Vienna |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 16, 2004 |
| Place of death | Beijing |