Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference

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PKKCV emblem - 中国 人民 政治协商会议

The Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference , shortly CPPCC ( Chinese  中國人民政治協商會議  /  中国人民政治协商会议 , Pinyin Zhōngguó rénmín Zhengzhi xiéshāng huiyi , in short: 人民政協  /  人民政协 , Rénmín ZhengXie or 政協  /  政协 , ZhengXie ) to another Provide parties such as the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), mass organizations and representatives of national minorities to participate in the opinion-forming of the National People's Congress . As an advisory body in the state apparatus of the People's Republic of China , it consists of members of the CCP as well as non-party members or members of other parties, the so-called " Eight Democratic Parties and Groups ", such as the Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomintang .

The CPPCC also had several members from abroad such as Israel Epstein and Betty Chandler , and two German-speaking members, Richard Frey (Fu Lai) and Ruth Weiss , who were from Austria.

composition

The Great Hall of the People also hosts the Political Consultative Conference of the Chinese People

This consultative conference consists of members of political parties, professional associations etc. who come together to discuss principles of politics. It is viewed as an organ through which the democratic parties , mass organizations and all social circles can take part in state and government affairs on a consultative basis. In the 13th Consultative Conference convened on March 3, 2018, the Communist Party of China has only 99 of 2158 members, although it should be noted that representatives of professional organizations etc. can be members of a political party at the same time. For example, spacemen Yang Liwei and Zhang Xiaoguang , who sit as specially invited persons in the CPPCC, have been members of the CCP since 1988. In addition to the All-Chinese Women's Association, women are represented in all other factions, Muslims not only through the Chinese Islamic Association but also through their respective ethnic groups ( Uyghurs , Kazakhs, etc.) and in numerous other factions such as the Kuomintang or the Zhi Gong party . Tibetans are not only represented in the CPPCC as representatives of their ethnic group, but also through the Association of Buddhists of China etc.

Members are:

Previous chair

Meetings

The sessions of the Consultative Conference usually take place at the same time as the sessions of the National People's Congress . Like the National People's Congress, the CPPCC has a standing committee elected for the respective legislative period - usually five years - (中国 人民 政治协商会议 全国 委员会 常务委员会, Pinyin Zhōngguó Rénmín Zhèngzhì Xiéshāng Huìyì Quánguó Wěiyuánhuì Chánghuó Wěiyuánhuì Chángwù Fractions) who meets every two to three months between the annual plenary meetings and does the real work. The Standing Committee of the 13th legislative period, elected by the General Assembly on March 14, 2018, has 298 members.

history

In September 1949 the first session of the CPPCC was held in Beiping (now Beijing) with 662 MPs - representatives of the Chinese Communist Party, democratic parties, mass organizations, the People's Liberation Army , national minorities , overseas Chinese and religious groups.

On behalf of the National People's Congress, which did not yet exist, the founding of the People's Republic of China was announced at the meeting . He adopted the Joint Program of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and several bills.

At the meeting Beijing was declared the capital and the national flag and anthem were adopted. The chairman and his deputy as well as the members of the Central People's Government were elected.

In June 1950, the second session of the First National Committee of the CPPCC was held and the land reform bill and several other laws were passed and the coat of arms of the People's Republic of China was established.

In December 1954, at the first session of the Second National Committee of the CPPCC, it was decided that the new constitution of the PRCh should replace the Joint Program .

During the Cultural Revolution , the CPPCC was practically dissolved and only resumed its work in February 1978. In December 1983, the third session of the Standing Committee of the Sixth CPCC National Committee passed a report on the persecution of CPPCC MPs during the Cultural Revolution.

literature

  • Bowe, Alexander: China's Overseas United Front Work , US-China Economic and Security Commission, August 24, 2018, Overseas United Front Work - Background and Implications for US_final_0.pdf .
  • Heberer, Thomas, Schubert, Gunter: Political participation and regime legitimacy in the PR China. Vol. 1: The urban space. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden, 2008, ISBN 978-3-531-15690-3 .
  • Heilmann, Sebastian: The political system of the People's Republic of China. 3rd edition, Springer VS, 2016, ISBN 978-3-658072-27-8 .
  • Noesselt, Nele: Chinese Politics. , Nomos, Baden-Baden, 2016, ISBN 978-3-825245-33-7 .
  • Weyrauch, Thomas: Minority parties and groups of the People's Republic of China Longtai Verlag, Heuchelheim, 2020, ISBN 978-3-938946-30-5 .
  • Zhang, Chunman: Good Friends of Communism: Democratic Parties and Authoritarian Resilience in China . Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University 2018, full text .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. 中国 人民 政治协商会议 第十 三届 全国 委员会 委员 名单. In: cppcc.gov.cn. March 2, 2019, accessed May 5, 2020 (Chinese).
  2. 常委会 会议. In: cppcc.gov.cn. Retrieved May 5, 2020 (Chinese).
  3. 中国 人民 政治协商会议 第十 三届 全国 委员会 常务委员 名单. In: cppcc.gov.cn. March 14, 2018, accessed May 5, 2020 (Chinese).