Richard Stanley Peters

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Richard Stanley Peters (born October 31, 1919 in Mussoorie , India , † December 30, 2011 in London ) was a British philosopher .

His work extended mainly in the areas of political theory , philosophical psychology and finally the philosophy of education .

biography

Peters was born in India in 1919. He spent his childhood with his grandmother in England. 1933–1938 he attended Clifton College boarding school in Bristol. During World War II he did ambulance service with friends. His marriage (1942) resulted in a son and two daughters.

academic career

Peters studied at Queen's College of Oxford University and received in 1942 the Bachelor of Arts . From 1944 he taught at the Sidcot Grammar School in Somerset . He was a part-time lecturer at Birkbeck College of the University of London , where he also studied philosophy and psychology. In 1949 he made his doctorate in philosophy ( Ph. D. ). From 1949 to 1958 he was employed there as a full-time lecturer. Then until 1962 reader in philosophy. In 1961 he was visiting professor of education at Harvard University , and the following year at the Australian National University .

From 1962 until his retirement in 1983, Peters was Professor of Philosophy of Education at the Institute of Education (founded in 1947) at the University of London . In 1971 he was dean of the institute. Under his leadership, the institute grew very quickly and played a decisive role in the development of the philosophy of education in England.

Peters works there a. a. with Paul H. Hirst , who later became Professor of Education at King's College in London and at Cambridge University . Other famous academics at the institute of the time were RK Elliott , David Cooper , John White , Patricia White, and the late Robert Dearden .

plant

Peters was best known for his work in the field of the philosophy of education .

But especially his early writings dealt with psychology , more precisely with a philosophical consideration of psychological subjects. He did research in the field of motivation , emotions , personality , behavior and the relationship between reason and desire . On the basis of this, however, he always focused on problems related to education .

Peter's most important work is "Ethics and Education". With this and the following publications, he significantly influenced the development of the Philosophy of Education in Great Britain, and even worldwide. For he examined the concept of education in the sense of analytical philosophy . The key tool here is the conceptual analysis . Peters saw two essential aspects in the concept of education: the normative and the cognitive dimension. So once that education wants to achieve something valuable. I.e. the educator wants to bring the person to be educated into a condition that the latter regards as valuable. Second, this is linked to the development of knowledge and understanding ( in breadth and depth ). Furthermore, the term is characteristic of trying to achieve this valuable in a morally justifiable manner. Peters thus explicitly excludes forms of conditioning from the term "education".

However, his early research was criticized several times for examining a concept of upbringing that was too special and thus not always highlighting generally recognized elements or inherent principles when using the term. Above all, its inclusion of knowledge and understanding in the concept of education was questioned. As a result of the criticism expressed, Peters later admitted to having investigated a more specific term. He responded to the replies by later examining the ideal of the educated man .

Undoubtedly, Peters was the determining man for Philosophy of Education in England. He founded a new approach, he also gave it decisive impulses for decades and was significantly involved in researching the term.

Works

  • RS Peters: Education as initiation , 1964, in: RD Archambault (ed.): Philosophical analysis and education . Routledge & Kegan Paul, London 1965, pp. 87-111.
  • RS Peters: Ethics and education . 5th edition, George Allen & Unwin LTD, London 1968. German as: RS Peters: Ethik und Erbildung . In: W. Loch, H. Paschen, G. Priesemann (Ed.): Language and learning. International Studies in Educational Anthropology , Volume 19, Düsseldorf 1972.
  • RS Peters: The philosophy of education . 1966, in: JW Tibble (ed.): The study of education . Routledge & Kegan Paul, London 1966, pp. 59-89.
  • RS Peters: What is an educational process? . 1967, in: RS Peters (ed.): The concept of education . Routledge & Kegan Paul, London 1967, pp. 1-23.
  • RS Peters: Michael Oakeshott's philosophy of education . 1968, in: RS Peters: Essays on educators . George Allen & Unwin, London 1981, pp. 89-109.
  • RS Peters, PH Hirst: The logic of education . 2nd edition, Routledge & Kegan Paul, London 1971, German as: PH Hirst, RS Peters: The justification of education through reason . In: W. Loch, H. Paschen, G. Priesemann (Ed.): Language and learning. International Studies in Educational Anthropology , Volume 18, Düsseldorf 1972.
  • RF Dearden, PH Hirst, RS Peters (Eds.): Education and the development of reason . Routledge & Kegan Paul, London 1972.
  • RS Peters (Ed.): The philosophy of education . Oxford University Press, London 1973.
  • RS Peters: Psychology and ethical development. A collection of articles on psychological theories, ethical development and human understanding . George Allen & Unwin, London 1974.
  • RS Peters: Education and the Education of Teachers . Routledge & Kegan Paul, London 1977.
  • RS Peters: Moral development and moral education . George Allen & Unwin, London 1981.
  • RS Peters: Philosophy of education . In: PH Hirst (ed.): Educational theory and its foundation disciplines . Routledge & Kegan Paul, London 1983, pp. 30-61.

literature

  • DE Cooper (ed.): Education, values ​​and mind. Essays for RS Peters . London / Boston / Henley 1986.
  • J. Earwaker: RS Peters and the Concept of Education . In: Journal of Philosophy of Education Society of Great Britain . Volume 7, 1973, pp. 239-259.
  • P. Enslin: Are Hirst and Peters Liberal Philosophers of Education? . In: Journal of Philosophy of Education Society of Great Britain . Volume 19, 1985, pp. 211-222.
  • JW Steutel: Concepts and Concepts. On the problem of an analytical educational philosophy . In: Journal for Pedagogy . Volume 37, 1991, pp. 81-96.
  • J. Steutel, B. Spiecker: RS Peters' and PH Hirst's analysis of 'education' with regard to an educational theory . In: O. Hansmann (Ed.): Discourse Education Theory II. Problem-historical orientations . Weinheim 1989, pp. 508-536.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Richard Stanley Peters Obituary: View Richard Peters's Obituary by The Times. In: announcements.thetimes.co.uk. Retrieved April 14, 2012 .
  2. ↑ http://www.ioe.ac.uk/library/archives/pe.html
  3. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / ioewebserver.ioe.ac.uk
  4. ↑ Hirst, PH: Richard Peter's contribution to the philosophy of education . In: DE Cooper (ed.): Education, values ​​and mind. Essays for RS Peters . Routledge & Kegan Paul, London [a. a.] 1986, pp. 8-43.
  5. ↑ The English term education is translated here as "upbringing", although the English expression is often understood as more education-laden in the sense of higher education. The transmission is thus based on the translation by Dr. Walter Vetters from "Ethics and Education": RS Peters: Ethics and Education (Loch W./Paschen H./Priesemann G. (Ed.): Language and learning . Pedagogical publishing house Schwann, Düsseldorf 1972, Vol. 19).
  6. ^ RS Peter: Ethics and Education . 5th edition, George Allen & Unwin LTD, London 1968.
  7. ↑ RS Peters: Ethics and Education . Pp. 23-48.
  8. ↑ A good presentation of the criticism expressed is provided by: J. Earwaker: RS Peters and the Concept of Education . In: Journal of Philosophy of Education Society of Great Britain . Volume 7, 1973, pp. 239-259.
  9. ^ RS Peters: Education and the educated man . In: R .F. Dearden, PH Hirst, RS Peters (eds.): Education and the development of reason . Routledge & Kegan Paul, London 1972, pp. 3-18.
  10. ^ PH Hirst: Peters contribution . P. 8.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Peters, Richard Stanley
BRIEF DESCRIPTION British philosopher
DATE OF BIRTH October 31, 1919
PLACE OF BIRTH Mussoorie , India
DATE OF DEATH December 30, 2011
Place of death London