Sedge moth owls
| Sedge moth owls | ||||||||||||
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Sedge moth owl |
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| Deltote uncula | ||||||||||||
| ( Clerck , 1759) |
The sedge moth owl ( Deltote uncula ), also called sedge moth owl or olive brown grass moth owl , is a butterfly ( moth ) from the owl butterfly family (Noctuidae).
features
The moths reach a wingspan of 22 to 25 millimeters. The fore wings are light brown, reddish brown to dark brown in the basic color with two clearly pronounced, white or yellowish lines that run along the front edge and along the outer wavy line. The basal line, inner and outer transverse lines are not developed, but the outer wavy line and hem line are present. The kidney defect is white, cream-colored or slightly yellowish in color and very clearly developed. It stands at an angle and is slightly curved and extends into the Kostalstrich. The ring flaw, on the other hand, is only a triangular bulge of the costal line towards the middle of the wing. The fringes are white, beige or light brown. The hind wings are uniformly gray in color with beige fringes. There is a narrow, black hemline. The undersides of the fore and hind wings are almost uniformly dark brown, with a not very clearly developed discal spot and an outer wavy line.
The egg is strongly flattened and yellowish in color. The surface is covered with numerous, irregular longitudinal ribs.
The caterpillars are greenish in color with an indistinct dark back line. The secondary back lines, on the other hand, are lighter than the basic color, the side lines are yellowish in color. The head is green, the stigmas red.
The doll is olive brown.
Geographical distribution and habitat
The sedge moth owl has a very large distribution area, which extends from the French West Pyrenees to Japan. In the north it extends to southern and central England, Northern Ireland and Ireland, in Scandinavia in the areas around the Baltic Sea, in Finland and northern Russia. However, it is largely absent in the Mediterranean area with the exception of two smaller occurrences on the French Mediterranean coast and in Tuscany as well as on the northern Adriatic coast (in northern Italy, Slovenia and Croatia). In south-eastern Europe, however, the distribution area extends far south to northern Albania and northern Greece. From there it continues through southern Bulgaria, Ukraine, the Crimea and southern Russia, further over Central Asia, Siberia to the Far East ( Russian Far East , North China, Japan, Korea).
The species prefers moist meadows, swamp areas, sedges and water margins.
Way of life
The sedge moth owl forms two generations per year, whose moths fly from May to July and August to September. The moths are crepuscular and nocturnal and visit flowers at night. They rest in the vegetation during the day, but are easy to scare away. However, they then only fly a few meters and then sit back in the vegetation. You also come across artificial light sources. The caterpillars feed on grasses (Poaceae), e.g. B. turf Schmiele ( Deschampsia cespitosa ) and reed grass ( Phalaris arundinacea ) and sour grass family (Cyperaceae), z. B. Species of the genera Sedges ( Carex ) and Sedge Grasses ( Cyperus ). Pupation takes place in a light web on the ground. The pupa hibernates.
Danger
The species is in the Red List of the Federal Republic of Germany on the warning list. In many German federal states, however, it is already classified as endangered (category 3), for example in Brandenburg, Lower Saxony, Rhineland-Palatinate, Saarland, Saxony and Thuringia. In North Rhine-Westphalia it is even placed in category 2 (highly endangered).
swell
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Red Lists
- ↑ Fibiger et al. (2009: p. 64/5)
- ^ Lepiforum
- ↑ a b c Walter Forster , Theodor A. Wohlfahrt : The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 4: Owls. (Noctuidae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1971, ISBN 3-440-03752-5 .
literature
- Günter Ebert (Ed.): The Butterflies of Baden-Württemberg Volume 5, Moths III (Sesiidae, Arctiidae, Noctuidae). Ulmer Verlag Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3-800-13481-0
- Michael Fibiger, László Ronkay, Axel Steiner & Alberto Zilli: Noctuidae Europaeae Volume 11 Pantheinae, Dilobinae, Acronictinae, Eustrotiinae, Nolinae, Bagisarinae, Acontiinae, Metoponiinae, Heliothinae and Bryophilinae. 504 pp., Entomological Press, Sorø 2009 ISBN 978-87-89430-14-0
