Dendrocalamus giganteus

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dendrocalamus giganteus
Dendrocalamus giganteus

Dendrocalamus giganteus

Systematics
Subfamily : Bamboo (Bambusoideae)
Tribe : Bambuseae
Sub tribus : Bambusinae
Genre : Dendrocalamus
Subgenus : Sinocalamus
Type : Dendrocalamus giganteus
Scientific name
Dendrocalamus giganteus
Munro

Dendrocalamus giganteus is a bamboo - type of the genus Dendrocalamus . In German usage it is often referred to as giant bamboo .

description

The giant bamboo is the world's largest type of bamboo. It reaches heights of growth of 25 to 40 m and stalk diameters of 20 to 35 cm. In the growth phase it shows a daily increase in length of up to 70 cm. The stalks form clumps and are branched. The nodes are 30 to 45 cm apart, the wall thickness is 1 to 3 cm. The sessile, simple leaves are long. Like other types of bamboo, it rarely blooms, only every 30 to 40 years, and then dies.

Distribution and location requirements

The giant bamboo originally comes from Myanmar , northern India , the Yunnan province in China and Thailand . During the colonial period , it was introduced to other tropical regions such as East Africa , Madagascar and Southeast Asia . It can also be seen in many botanical gardens. The plant is relatively insensitive to frost down to −15 ° C , but as an ornamental garden plant in temperate latitudes it may require a certain amount of winter care (for young plants) and wind protection (in general).

Etymology and systematics

The epithet giganteus is Latin , stands for huge and refers to the height of stature. The first description was made by the English botanist William Munro in 1868. Selected synonyms are:

  • Bambusa gigantea wall. ex Munro
  • Sinocalamus giganteus (Wall. Ex Munro) A.Camus

use

The stalks are used to erect simple buildings, e.g. B. for houses and bridges, but also as boat masts and for floors; the straw sheaths can be made into simple hats. The bamboo is also used to make paper. The sprouts are edible when cooked; raw they contain cyanogenic glycosides , especially taxiphylline, which is similar to the dhurrin contained in cassava . One kilogram of it can release up to 8 g hydrogen cyanide.

Sources and further information

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "gartenjournal.net": giant bamboo hardy down to −15 ° C - protection of young plants and wind protection recommended
  2. ↑ Stowasser et al .: Der kleine Stowasser , Latin-German School Dictionary, Vienna 1980, ISBN 3-209-00225-8
  3. ↑ Trans. Linn. Soc. London 26: 150. 1868. See entry in GRIN Taxonomy for Plants.

Web links

Commons : Dendrocalamus giganteus  - album with pictures, videos and audio files