Roßgarten (Koenigsberg)

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Wall fortifications and cities of Königsberg (1626)

Roßgarten (also Alter Roßgarten , Neue Huben or Neun Huben ) was a district of Königsberg (Prussia) .

location

The Roßgarten was directly connected to the castle freedom to the north and was located on the eastern bank of the castle pond within the city wall. To the west of the Neue Sorge was the older front large garden . Across a river with the Schwanenbrücke (west of Kalthof ), the Hinterroßgarten joined to the north . In the north was the Oberteich . The racecourse was north-east of the Roßgärter Tor .

Surname

Roßgarten was the term used to describe fenced pasture land that was not exclusively reserved for horses but also served as a meadow for other cattle.

history

The Roßgarten was a liberty belonging to the castle , which was constituted in 1542 and received its own constitution. Their court seal of 1576 showed a green pasture and a white horse for the front large garden and a black bull for the rear large garden. Both parts did not belong to the Löben . According to Caspar Henneberger , the Roßgarten was undeveloped except for one pitcher (restaurant) until 1539. In 1540 only a few sheds were built on the rear large garden; however, from this time onwards, a new suburb was planned under Duke Albrecht , which was initially called "Neue Huben". One plot of land after the other was given to court servants and free craftsmen. In 1550 white tanners immigrated to Königsberg, who understood a finer way of tanning. Under the ducal protectorate, they settled on the slope that ran from the Rossgarten to the castle pond, because they needed a lot of water for their fulling and tampering mills . In 1556 the Roßgarten received an arbitrary decision.

The Roßgarten was created especially for the hydraulic engineers from Holland . Frisians had been recruited to drain the Danziger Werder and the primeval forests south of Königsberg. Many were Mennonites . Hoopers, dyers, drapers and other craftsmen also came. They brought techniques with them that were otherwise unknown in East Prussia. This led to all kinds of disputes with the established craftsmen. The Dutch were soon suspected of being heretics and had to be examined by the Löbenicht pastor in 1543. Anyone who deviated from the correct teaching was expelled; In 1550 the duke forbade all citizens to accept Dutch people as tenants, unless they were legitimized as orthodox.

Around 1800 the Roßgarten was a preferred residential area with strikingly wide houses. However, many health cures lived here. "The largest and most handsome houses on the Roßgarten are: a royal building, which the chief of the Dragoons regiment, which is in the garrison here, lives in, the house of the Sr. Excellenz of the Landhofmeister of Count von Lehndorf, Mr. Commerzienrath von Weiß, the heirs of Wulf, of Herr Bankodirector Krüger, that of Korfsche, von Buddenbrocksche and Criminalrath Stägmannsche Haus. ” Around 1800, several infantry and grenadier regiments were stationed on the Rossgarten . Later the town hall (Königsberg) was built, there was the union building , the commandant's office , the hospital of mercy , the town hospital , an elementary school , the town courtyard and the Fahrenheid monastery .

Sacred buildings

literature

  • Ludwig von Baczko : An attempt at a history and description of Königsberg . Koenigsberg 1804.
  • Maximilian Beheim-Schwarzbach: Colonization from East Prussia . Ploetz, 1863.
  • Hermann Frischbier : Prussian Dictionary East and West Prussian Provincialisms , Vol. 1, 2, Berlin 1882–82.
  • Fritz Gause : Königsberg in Prussia . Rautenberg Leer 1987.
  • Friedrich Leopold von Schrötter : Map of East Prussia with Prussian Litthauen and West Prussia with Netzedistrict 1796–1802, Historical-Geographical Atlas of the Prussian Land . Franz Steiner Verlag, Wiesbaden 1978, ISBN 3-515-02671-1 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Baczko, Ludwig von: Attempting a history and description of Königsberg, Königsberg 1804, p. 148

Coordinates: 54 ° 43 ′ 12 ″  N , 20 ° 31 ′ 19 ″  E