Roger Liouville

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Roger Liouville (* 1856 ; † 1930 in Maure ) was a French mathematician and ballistics engineer.

He was the cousin of the medicine professor Henri Liouville (1837-1887) and thus related to the mathematician Joseph Liouville , who was an uncle of Henri Liouville. Liouville studied from 1874 at the École Polytechnique (and also heard lectures from Joseph Liouville in 1876). Afterwards he was in the Service des Poudres (department for powder systems) and became chief engineer there. From 1886 he was a tutor and later an examiner at the École Polytechnique. During the First World War he was again from 1914 to 1918 with the Service des Poudres and an employee of Colonel François Gossot (also Hubert Cassien Gossot, 1853-1935), who later became a general.

Liouville dealt with geodetic and integration of partial differential equations . He was involved in a dispute with Paul Painlevé about the completeness of his list of Painlevé equations . He published the writings of the shock wave pioneer Pierre-Henri Hugoniot after his death (Hugoniot began his studies two years before Liouville at the Ecole Polytechnique and also dealt with ballistics).

He wrote an essay on integrable cases in gyro theory as a contribution to the competition for the Bordin Prize of 1894 (which Paul Painlevé won at the time , Liouville was honored). However, the essay contained serious errors and only Édouard Husson showed in his dissertation in 1905 that the then known cases of Euler, Lagrange and Sofia Kowalewskaja were the only cases of gyroscopic motion (for all initial conditions) that could be precisely integrated by algebraic first integrals .

Liouville was a contributor to the French edition of the Encyclopedia of Mathematical Sciences (co-author of the external ballistics section with Gossot). He also dealt with internal ballistics (including the relationship between burn rate and pressure).

In 1897 he received the Poncelet Prize .

Fonts

  • with Gossot: Traité des effets des explosifs, 2 volumes, Paris 1919
  • with Gossot: Sur les lois du movement des projectiles dans l'âme des bouches à feu, Gauthier-Villars 1935
  • with Gossot: Balistique intérieure, Gauthier-Villars 1930

literature

  • Article Roger Liouville in Hans-Hermann Kritzinger, Friedrich Stuhlmann (Ed.), Artillery and Ballistics in Brief, Berlin: Julius Springer 1939
  • Paul Lévy : Roger Liouville (1856-1930), J. École Polytechnique, Volume 29, 1930, pp. 1-5

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Life data according to the article in Kritzinger, Stuhlmann (Ed.), Artillery and Ballistics in Key Words, 1939
  2. ↑ Short biography of Roger Liouville in Joseph Lützen: Joseph Liouville (1809–1882), p. 249
  3. ↑ According to Lützen, he was one of the few, as Liouville was already considered a member of an older generation in the 1870s when it came to his mathematical research. Eventually he handed over his lectures to Gaston Darboux .
  4. ^ According to Roger Godement, Analysis II, Springer, p. 324 he was in the Corps des Ponts et Chaussées. Most of the graduates from the École Polytechnique were civil engineers. When he started teaching at the École Polytechnique and various preparatory schools, he had no more time for research, as he taught 40 hours a week.
  5. ^ Roger Liouville, Sur le mouvement d 'un corps solid pesant suspendu par l'un de ses points , Acta Mathematica, Volume 20, 1897, pp. 239-284
  6. ↑ Michèle Audin, Remembering Sofya Kovalevskaya, Springer 2011, p. 106. Husson's dissertation was published in Ann. Fac. Sci. Toulouse, Volume 8, 1906, pp. 73-152
  7. ^ Liouville, Gossot, Développements concernant quelques recherches de balistique exécutées en France, 1913
personal data
SURNAME Liouville, Roger
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French mathematician and ballistics engineer
DATE OF BIRTH 1856
DATE OF DEATH 1930
Place of death Moor