Pipe rocket
As tube rocket the designated National People's Army of the GDR antitank guided missiles , consisting of tanks or anti-tank guns were fired.
This type of armament is mainly found in main battle tanks developed in the Soviet Union or Russia. There are different versions for rifled or smooth- barreled cannons as well as in the different calibers of the cannons.
task
Tube missiles are used to increase the effective combat range of a main battle tank to 5000 to 8000 m.
function
The tubular rockets are loaded like normal ammunition. For this purpose, they are constructed in such a way that they look like the respective tank ammunition. Instead of the normally strong propellant charge, a much weaker charge is used, which only has the task of ejecting the rocket from the gun barrel. After the ejection, the control surfaces fold out and the rocket motor ignites, which accelerates the rocket to cruising speed. If the rocket has not yet hit a target after the engine burns out, it usually self-destructs.
control
The rockets are guided to the target with different control systems, previous tubular rockets in a semi-active way. Soviet / Russian tube missiles are known, beam rider '( English beam rider ) acting on a laser beam "ride". To do this, the target must be illuminated by the main battle tank's fire control system until the missile hits. The semi-automatically controlled American MGM-51 Shillelagh follows the SACLOS principle - the gunner aims at the target and keeps it in the crosshair until impact. The fire control system calculates the necessary corrections to the flight path and transmits them to the missile via infrared.
Two-piece ammunition
Split ammunition is used in Soviet / Russian-type tanks with 125 mm smooth-barreled cannons, i.e. the grenade and propellant charge are stored separately in the automatic loading machine and pushed into the barrel one after the other during loading. Accordingly, tubular rockets for this system are also divided, otherwise they would not fit in the loading machine.
Examples
| Gun designation | Pipe type | Caliber (mm) | Guided missile |
|---|---|---|---|
| D-10T | drawn | 100 | 9K116-1 "Bastion" |
| MT-12 | smooth | 9K116 box | |
| U-5TS | smooth | 115 | 9K116-2 Sheksna |
| D-81 | smooth | 125 | 9K112 cobra |
| D-81 ( T-72 ) | 9K119 Swir | ||
| D-81 ( T-80 ) | 9K119 Refleks | ||
| PAK 2A45 Sprut | |||
| D-81 ( T-90 ) | 9K119M "Refleks-M" | ||
| M81 | drawn | 152 | MGM-51 Shillelagh |
| L7 | drawn | 105 | LAHAT |
| Rh-120 | smooth | 120 |
100 mm shell 3UBK10M-1 with tubular rocket 9M117M (system 9K116 "Kastet")
125 mm ammunition with 9M112 “Kobra” tubular rocket in magazine position
literature
- AW Karpenko: Soviet-Russian tanks . 1905-2003. Ed .: Rudi Meier. Elbe-Dnjepr, Klitzschen 2004, ISBN 3-933395-44-5 , p. 304–453 (Russian: Обозрение отечественной бронетанковой техники (1905–1995 гг.) . Translated by Rudi Meier).
- Jörg Siegert , Helmut Hanske: Main battle tanks of the NVA . Motorbuch, Stuttgart 2011, ISBN 978-3-613-03294-1 , p. 134-176 .
Web links
- Stefan Kotsch: Steering systems for pipe rockets. In: Das Panzerdetail. kotsch88.de, accessed on September 21, 2015 .
- Stefan Kotsch: 100 mm D-10 II. The 3UBK10-1 tubular rocket for the 100 mm D-10T cannon. In: Das Panzerdetail. Retrieved September 21, 2015 .
- Stefan Kotsch: 9K112 Kobra. The 9K112 Kobra guided missile system for the T-80B and T-64B main battle tanks. In: Das Panzerdetail. Retrieved September 2, 2015 .
- Stefan Kotsch: 9K119 Refleks. The 9K119 Refleks guided missile system for the T-80U, T-80UD and T-90 tanks. In: Das Panzerdetail. Retrieved September 21, 2015 .
- Main battle tank T55 AM2 (training model). In: baainbw.de. Federal Office for Equipment, Information Technology and Use of the Bundeswehr (BAAINBw), accessed on September 21, 2015 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ PALR missile complex 9K116 Bastion. In: RWD (rocket and weapon technology service). rwd-mb3.de, accessed on September 21, 2015 .
- ↑ LAHAT. In: iai.co.il. IAI, accessed September 23, 2015 .