Ruchelnheim

Document from Pope Lucius III.

Ruchelnheim, later also Reuchelheim, is a historic parish in the Miltenberg district in Lower Franconia . The parish church of St. Margaretha and possibly also the associated outbuildings stood near the Main on a slight hill between Obernau (Aschaffenburg) and Sulzbach am Main . In addition, Ruchelnheim is the name of abandoned places near Urloffen and Nieder-Olm as well as a historical name of the Arnstein district of Reuchelheim.

Line from the papal charter of 1184

history

A papal charter from 1184 lists the property of the St. Peter and Alexander u. a. also the "parrochiam in Ruchil (n) heim", ie the parish of Ruchelnheim. While court (curtis), parish (parrochia) and tithe (decima) are listed together in the other parishes of this document , this is not the case here. In return, Sulzbach, which was not a pastor at the time, says: "curtem in Sulzibach cum decimis sibi pertinetibus" . From this it can be concluded that Ruchelnheim was not a village, but only consisted of a church and ancillary building (s), and that the associated place was Sulzbach. There is also no evidence that Ruchelnheim was ever a village in the subsequent period. Ruchelnheim is rather the typical example of a parish church outside a village.

The clear alignment of Ruchelnheim to Sulzbach in 1184 gradually shifted to the north after the St. Peter and Alexander Abbey in Obernau, first mentioned in 1191, had gained a foothold before the turn of the century. So it happens that the first pastor of Ruchelnheim that can be identified by name appears in a document from 1344 as the folk priest Gyso "in Obirnheim", so he obviously lived in Obernau at that time, for which a church / chapel has been occupied since 1283. Other Ruchelnheim pastors named themselves in documents once after their parish church, sometimes after their place of residence Obernau. It is understandable that the pastor would rather live in a place than next to the secluded parish church of Ruchelnheim. The fact that the choice fell on Obernau rather than Sulzbach shows that this place was more attractive as a residence for the Ruchelnheim pastors, which is certainly due to the shorter distance to Aschaffenburg, which is due to the construction of the archbishop's castle in the Years around 1220 it had developed into the most important secondary residence of the Archbishopric Mainz.

Surname

Ruchelnheim is the historical name of several places, such as the Arnsteiner district Reuchelheim, a wasteland near Urloffen, or a desert in the community of Nieder-Olm. The name Ruchelnheim and the old name Obernaus - Obernheim - have the same final syllable, so both belong to the -heim place names that indicate Franconian foundations. These settlements emerged after the victory of the Franks over the Alamanni (496/97) from the 6th century on. The personal place names - Ruchelnheim goes back to the first name Rocco / Rochilo - are regarded as the older (6th / 7th centuries), type place names such as Obernheim as the younger (7th / 8th century). The two Franconian row grave fields discovered in the Obernau district also fit into this timeframe.

With great caution one can assume that Ruchelnheim was a church or chapel founded by a Franconian nobleman named Ruchilo / Rochilo / Rocco in the 6th or 7th century, whereas Obernau was a Franconian settlement a little later, probably in the second half of the 7th century originated.

Church affiliation

St Margaretha in campis on a map from 1594

Ecclesiastically, the parish of Ruchelnheim and its branches belonged to the Archdiocese of Mainz from its inception until its dissolution in 1788 . From the 10th century onwards, the bishops of Mainz tried to structure their diocese more strongly and give it pastoral care, primarily with the help of the pens . “The pens had to provide pastors”. In the Aschaffenburg area, the Peter and Alexander monastery took up the position; his provost was head of the Archdeaconate Aschaffenburg. The archdeaconate was again divided into land chapters or deaneries . Ruchelnheim belonged to the Land Chapter Montat. This spatial division has largely been preserved through the centuries. Ruchelnheim / Obernau belonged to this deanery until the 19th century.

In the Holy Roman Empire , the church was city-oriented. Many parishes were incorporated into the Collegiate Foundation Peter and Alexander in Aschaffenburg as a legal person. In other words, these parishes were owned by the monastery, it paid the pastors and maintained the churches, but the income from these parishes, especially the tithe, also belonged to him. On December 21, 1184, Pope Lucius III confirmed . the Aschaffenburg monastery a. a. the possession of 16 parishes, including the parish of Ruchelnheim with its church St. Margaretha in campis ("on the fields"). This church was the mother church of Obernau , Sulzbach , Soden , Leidersbach , Ebersbach and Dornau .

Matriculation

Pastor Adam Malburg made the first record of the births (Baptizatorum), weddings (Matrimonio Iunctorum) and deaths (Mortuorum) from 1672 to 1765 of the then parish of St. Margaretha, Ruchelnheim. He came to Obernau in 1672 and was pastor until December 13, 1674. He kept the parish registers (church accounts) properly, but nothing is known about where he came from and where he went.

L a V s D eo Gen I tr ICI q V

First page of the register from 1672

VI rg I n I M ar I ae

Praise be to God and the Virgin Mary who gave birth to God = 1672

Pastoral care office (= parish) Reuchelheim Church (house of God) of the holy

Margaret virgin and martyr of sacred places (literally = a consecrated place) written and compiled (is) from me Adam Malburg as (for) the existing time as pastor for Obernaw (au) Sul (t) zbach, Soden, Ley (i) dersbach, Ebersbac (h) and Doraw (nau) 2 NB

This contains the names of the baptized and deceased

NB I married couples and also the feasts, the days of patronage and pledges and the anniversaries of the whole parish; how and at what time the festivities are (held) to last as supplication and thanksgiving celebrations were to organize and finally last thing the pastor of it also has to pay (salary) - started in see - as above - in December = 1,672th

Those who do not know how to write do not appreciate this work,

three fingers on the body accomplish this beautiful work.

The most holy God is everywhere

you can get to know him even if you don't see him.

Pray and work, do the work of the gospel.

Ruchelnheim pastor

• Friedrich, Sacerdos in Obernheym (1160, 1267–1268)
• Gyso of Obirnheym (v, 1344)
• Heinrich, zu Sultzbach, zu Obernheym, zu Ruchelnheim (1369, 1391,1396)
• Heinrich Lauryn, collegiate vicar (1400, 1401)
• Hermann Nebelung (Nebelinger) (1402 - 1409)
• Peter Richart, vicar in Aschaffenburg (1445, 1457)
• Johann Worme, pastor of Obernheym (1469)
• Conrad Rüsser, vicar in Mainz Cathedral and pastor of Ruchelnheim († 1498)
• Johann Lormann (1506)
• Johann Baumgartner (1540, † 1543)
• Marcus Kessler from Lengfeld († 1544)
• Balthasar Vecher († 1547)
• Johann Drinckaus, Dean of the Land Chapter Montat († 1555)
• Johann Wittamer (1565-1568)
• Georg Werth, former vicar of the colleges (1568 - † 1573)
• Caspar Eysner † January 19, 1502 † 1582 in Johannesberg (1573 - 1575)
• Heinrich Hag (1576 - † 1582)
• Johann Molitor, vicar of the monastery (1582 - 1585)
• Peter Eckardt (1585)
• Andreas Haffner (- 1587)
• Nikolaus Martini (1588 - 1595)
• Sebastian Melmann (1595 - 1601/2)
• Balthasar Speet (1602)
• Heinrich Sotirias (Heil) Magister (1602 - 1604)
• Adam Melmann, Magister (1604 - 1628, 1638)
• Johann Fensterer (Finsterer) (1628 - 1629)
• Johann Breisiger Magister, his goblet with engraving "Joan Breisiger, Confluens 1632" still in Obernau today (1629 - 1632)
• Laurentius Grasmann, Ord. Praem. (Ilmstadt-Wetterau Monastery) 1635 also pastor in BMV Aschaffenburg (Mother of God) (1634 - † 1635)
• Johannes Reinhard (i) Collegiate Vicar - Canon - Capitular (1641)
• Heinrich Bechtold, Collegiate Vicar - Canon - Capitular (1643 - 1647)
• Nikolaus Bechtold, Collegiate Vicar - Canon - Capitular (1647 - 1648)
• Franz Herff (1649)
• Peter Johann Krunenfuß (1651 -?)
• Heinrich Schneider (Sartorius) (1655/1656 -?)
• Bernhard Schönig (1659/1666)
• Anton Faber (1669)
• Anton Saar (1670?)
• Jacob Christoph Stendorff Dr Theol., Canon (1670 - 1672)
• Adamus Malburg (1672 - 13 Dec 1674)
• Joannes Sauer (1674 - Jan. 1676)
• Joannes Justus Allertzheusser, collegiate vicar (1677 - March 4, 1678)
• Bartholomäus Blöchinger from Miltenberg, Eminentissimi Electoris Moguntini Aluminus (1678 - March 7th, 1678)
• August Franz Lambertus Eckerich, OSB professini. Monasterio Seligenstadt (* 1636 in Steinheim am Main; † December 5, 1692) (1678 - August 1681)
• Antonius Schönig, usque ad.men.Octob.1681 et abhine usque 1702 Pastor in MinoriWallstadt (1681 - Jul.1685)
• Joannes Freedericus Mörlein, from 1689 primissarius in Obernburg ubi 1716 Benefic. resign. at. Jan 30, 1733 (1685 - Mar 12, 1688)
• Joannes Adamus Stattheimer, usque Julium 1699, Schöllkrippen et vicar. Aschaff. es patria Eisefld, (1687 - Jan. 1699)
• Georgius Henricus Heckenmüller, Canonicus Domicellaris Ecol.colleg. SSPet. et Alex. Aschaffenb.Stic sustituit, † February 21, 1702 in Obernau (1699 - Jul. 1700)
• Joannem Wilhelmum Cammer, ex Obernburg - qui autem a Mense Maji qua parochus parochiam administravit usque adannum 1705, mensem Aug. From Obernau translatus est mense Aug. ad parochiam MinorisWallstatt. quam pastoravit usque ad mortem, soil. Sept. 19, 1737 (1700--1705)
• Joannes Synesius, etc. ad.February 1723. Fait ant from anno 1702 - 1705 Parochus in Min.Wallstatt (8 Nov. 1705 - 1728)
• Nicolaus Kauffmann, Obit August 5, 1732 parens parochi, Nicolaus usque autem parochus secefrit July 24, 1733 (Jan. 1729 - Apr. 1733)
• Joannes Petrus Schißler, qiu per 31 annos parochiam administravit et 80 an nati 6 Aprilis in Dom. obdormitavit 1765 Nota 1 Ante annum 1672 sunt parochi noti Nicolaus Martini et Adamus Mählmann, pro quibus Mense Martii Anniversaria. Nota 2 Sub parocho JPSchißler apparent ad ejus vitae finem, sacellani nimirum, 1731 Joannes Adamus Sartorius et 1732 Joannes Henricus Walser, postea 1737, Sacellanus ad B. Agatham, Aschaffenburg 1733 (- from August 1733 - April 1765)
• Joseph Balthasar Seger, * 1722 Grosostheimensis, antea Parochus in Röllbach, postea in Kleinostheim, obiit abid 1795. Jan. 27, * 1722 in Großostheim, died on January 26, 1795 in Kleinostheim; Kaplan in Hörstein (1750) Kaplan in Kleinwallstadt; 1756 pastor in Röllbach, then pastor in Obernau; from 1770 pastor in Kleinostheim. (May 1765--1770)
• Josephus Schmitt, Altheimensis, postea Parochus in Königshofen, from 1754 to 1764 he was chaplain in Kleinostheim (1770 - 1783)
• Phillippus Eust. Cammer, Obernburgensis obiit April 1, 1807, 62 annos natus, rite provisae fiidt Decanus et A: G: Assessor (1783 - April 1, 1807) - Philipp Eustach Cammer from Obernburg, * 1745, consecrated February 23, 1771, pastor in Obernau 1783 - April 1st, 1807, died in Obernau at the age of 62, he was the first pastor of Obernau and builder of the church (1792/93). Dean of the Landkapitels Montat under him the old parish of Ruchelnheim was divided into two parishes: Obernau and Sulzbach, August 25, 1788. In 1787 the St. Margaret Church was demolished. Then a wooden cross marked their place. Until the middle of the 19th century, a house occupied by hermits and belonging to the church stood next to this cross. After the departure of the last hermit, Brother Elziar, this house was also demolished.

literature

• Hans-Bernd Spies: History of Obernau from the beginnings to the dissolution of the ore monastery Mainz (1803) . In: Hans-Bernd Spies, Renate Welsch: Obernau 1191-1991. Contributions to the past and present . Stadt- und Stiftsarchiv et al., Aschaffenburg 1991, ISBN 3-922355-02-1 , pp. 13–49.
• Ulrich Debler: The parish of Obernau. Historical development and organization, buildings, pastors . In: Hans-Bernd Spies, Renate Welsch: Obernau 1191-1991. Contributions to the past and present . Stadt- und Stiftsarchiv et al., Aschaffenburg 1991, ISBN 3-922355-02-1 , pp. 93–202.
• Marcus Scherf: Sulzbach am Main and the surrounding area from the Frankish period (from approx. 500 AD) to the dissolution of the Electorate of Mainz in 1803 . Ed .: Sulzbach am Main. S. 22 ( sulzbach-main.de [PDF]).

Individual evidence

1. ↑ www.sulzbach-main.de ( Memento of the original from May 14, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 

Coordinates: 49 ° 55 '8.3 "  N , 9 ° 8' 48.9"  E