Rumcherod

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Rumcherod is the abbreviation for "Central Executive Committee of the Soviets of the Romanian Front , the Black Sea Fleet and the Odessa Region", that is to say of the then southwestern governorates of Ukraine and Bessarabia . It is an acronym of the full Russian name Zentralny ispolnitelny komitet Sovetov Rum ynskowo fronta, Paget nomorskowo flota i Od esskoi oblasti ( Russian Центральный исполнительный комитет Советов Румынского фронта, Черноморского флота и Одесской области ).

The committee was established at the 1st Front and Regional Congress of the Soviets on May 10th . / 23 May greg. until May 27th jul. / June 9, 1917 greg. elected in Odessa with the participation of the chairmen of 35 garrisons of the Odessa Military District. The majority in the first body were held by the Socialist Revolutionaries and Mensheviks , who supported the Provisional Government . Of the 127 members of the committee, only four belonged to the Bolsheviks : Fyodor Achkanov , Jakow Mileschin , PI Starostin and AW Christew.

By decree of the Council of People's Commissars , the Rumcherod was opened by an order of the Commander-in-Chief Nikolai Krylenko and the Revolutionary Military Committee at the headquarters on December 3rd . / December 16, 1917 greg. dissolved. At the 2nd Congress of December 10th, July / December 23, 1917 greg. until December 23, 1917 jul. / January 5, 1918 greg. In Odessa a Rumcherod with a new composition of 180 members was elected (with 70 Bolsheviks, 55 Social Revolutionaries and 23 representatives of peasant organizations), headed by the Bolshevik Vladimir Judowski .

In his capacity as representative of the Central Committee (Central Committee) of the Social Democratic Workers' Party of Russia (RSDLP) and the Council of People's Commissars, V. Volodarsky took part in the work of the Congress. The press organ of the Rumcherod was the newspaper Golos Rewoljuzii ("Voice of the Revolution"), the July 11th . / July 24, 1917 greg. until March 1918. The Rumcherod played a major role in the establishment of Soviet power in the south-west of Ukraine and Bessarabia from late December 1917 to January 1918 as the highest organ in this area.

Territories claimed by Soviet republics in March 1918

On January 18th jul. / January 31, 1918 greg. The Soviet Republic of Odessa with its center in Odessa was to be founded from Bessarabia and parts of the Cherson Governorate . From January to March 1918 the Rumtscherod led the fight against Romanian, then against the Austro-German troops. Together with the Supreme Autonomous College of the Council of People's Commissars, diplomatic negotiations were held with the Romanian government. After talks from March 5 to 9, 1918, these were concluded with a treaty for the withdrawal of Romanian troops from Bessarabia within two months (the treaty was not kept by Romania, in April Romanian troops unexpectedly disarmed the Russian and annexed Bessarabia) .

In March 1918, in view of the Austro-German intervention, Rumcherod was evacuated to Nikolayev , then to Rostov-on-Don and in April 1918 to Yeisk . In May 1918 it ceased operations.

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