Ryoyu Utiyama

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Ryoyu Utiyama , also Uchiyama, (born August 28, 1916 in Takajo-machi, Shizuoka ; † 1990 ) was a Japanese theoretical physicist.

Utiyama graduated from Osaka University in 1940 and received his doctorate in physics there in 1951. His doctoral supervisor was Minoru Kobayashi . From 1954 to 1956 he was at the Institute for Advanced Study . At that time he was concerned with theoretical elementary particle physics and quantum gravity. From 1942 he was a lecturer , from 1945 assistant professor and from 1955 professor at Osaka University and was temporarily dean of natural sciences.

Ryoyu Utiyama is one of the authors of non-Abelian Eichfeld theories ( Yang-Mills theories ) around the same time (1954) as Ronald Shaw in Cambridge. Like Shaw, he hesitated to publish, and CN Yang and Robert L. Mills got ahead of them (they developed the Yang-Mills theory in 1953 and published it in 1954). Starting from the formulation of the General Theory of Relativity (GTR) with tetrads, he recognized that electromagnetism and gravitation and possibly all interactions could be formulated in differential geometry with a relationship that corresponds to a calibration field and a certain Lie group . When he wanted to lecture about it in Princeton in April 1954, he received the preprint from Yang and Mills and initially refrained from publishing it. He did not publish until 1956 when he realized that Yang and Mills were only treating the calibration group SU (2), not general Lie groups.

The calibration theory of gravitation developed in his article from 1956 used the Lorentz group SO (3,1) as the calibration group, which is unsatisfactory (the current obtained to which the matter is coupled would be the angular momentum). The correct calibration group, the Poincaré group (Lorentz group plus translations), was recognized in 1961 by Dennis Sciama and TWB Kibble .

Utiyama took part in the Chapel-Hill Conference on Gravity in 1957 (and was a visiting scholar at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1960/61).

Fonts (selection)

  • Invariant Theoretical Interpretation of Interaction, Physical Review, Volume 101, 1956, p. 1597, abstract
  • with W. Tobocman: Conservation of Parity and New Particles, Physical Review, Volume 98, 1955, p. 780
  • A Theory of New Particles, Physical Review, Volume 100, 1955, p. 248
  • with Bryce S. DeWitt : Renormalization of a Classical Gravitational Field interacting with Quantized Matter Fields., J Math Phys., Volume 3, 1962, p. 608
  • Quantum Theory and Gravity (pdf), 1964 (Gravity Research Foundation)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Tetsuo Ogawa, Brief overview of the department of physics, Osaka University (pdf). There as Uchiyama.
  2. ^ So in the membership book of the Institute for Advanced Study from 1980. According to Cécile M. DeWitt, Dean Rickles (Ed.), The role of gravitation in physics, Report from the 1957 Chapel Hill Conference, he received his doctorate in 1940. His own information in his
  3. ↑ Year and place of birth, dean's office and date of doctorate according to the membership book of the Institute for Advanced Study 1980.
  4. ↑ Biographical details of Utiyama itself: Utiyama, Quantum Theory and Gravity (pdf), 1964, Gravity Research Foundation
  5. ↑ Shaw only published in his dissertation. Another first discoverer was Wolfgang Pauli , but only unpublished in letters to Abraham Pais (1953). Yang and Mills were also the only ones to strike a link with the strong interaction. A Kaluza-Klein theory with SU (2) Eichgruppe was already presented by Oscar Klein in 1938 at a conference in Kazimierz in Poland and also applied it to the strong interaction, which was largely ignored.
  6. ↑ Lochlainn O'Raifeartaigh, The Dawning of Gauge Theory, Princeton UP 1997, p. 9
personal data
SURNAME Utiyama, Ryoyu
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Uchiyama, Ryoyu
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Japanese physicist
DATE OF BIRTH August 28, 1916
PLACE OF BIRTH Takajo-machi, Shizuoka
DATE OF DEATH 1990