Séminaire israélite de France

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Street front of the Séminaire israélite on Rue Vauquelin, Paris

The Séminaire israélite de France ("Israelite Seminary of France") in Paris is the central Jewish academic training center for French rabbis and cantors .

history

In the course of the revolution in 1791, French Jews were given full civil equality. The Grand Sanhédrin , which met in Paris at Napoleon's behest in 1807, declared the absolute loyalty of the Jewish community to the French state and its laws. In 1808 the emperor created the Consistoire central israélite as the highest administrative authority for Jewish religious affairs.

The new legal position of the Jews in the middle of society also required a reform of the rabbi training. This should go beyond the Talmudic scholarship, which is usually conveyed in Yiddish in the yeshivot ; except Tanach , Talmud and Jewish prayer tradition , the classic French literature and modern philosophical and scientific issues should be included and in addition to the Bible language Hebrew and Greek and Arabic language skills are taught.

According to a decree of August 21, 1829, the Consistoire central established the École centrale rabbinique ("Central Rabbinical School") in Metz , at that time the capital of French Jewry. The duration of the study was fixed at five years, the number of vacancies at 9. The graduates had to be French citizens.

In 1859 the seminary was moved to Paris and was given its current name. At the same time, the academic level was further raised. The students and lecturers include numerous important intellectuals, including Joseph Derenbourg , Sylvain Lévi , Robert Anchel , Emmanuel Lévinas and Gérard Nahon .

In 1881 the rabbinical seminary moved into its current building on Rue Vauquelin . The prayer house in the inner courtyard of the seminary has also been the synagogue for the Latin Quarter since 1883 .

With the law separating church and state of 1905, the Israelite seminary also lost state funding and has since been borne by the Jewish community alone.

During the German occupation of France in World War II, the seminary moved to Limoges . 17 rabbis and students fell victim to the National Socialist persecution of the Jews.

Since the 1960s, the immigration of North African Orthodox Jews led to an intensification of the Talmudic study. However, the Consistoire central attaches great importance to maintaining non-religious subjects and a broad “Western” range of education.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Commons: Category: Arrêté qui autorise l'établissement d'une école rabbinique à Metz (1829)
  2. ^ Synagogue du Quartier Latin ; Network presence of the synagogue community

Coordinates: 48 ° 50 ′ 27.8 "  N , 2 ° 20 ′ 51.4"  E