SChTS-15/30
| СТЗ and ХТЗ | |
|---|---|
An SChTS-15/30 manufactured in Stalingrad in a museum in Russia (2008) |
|
| SChTS-15/30 | |
| Manufacturer: |
Kharkovsky Traktorny Sawod and Stalingradski Traktorny Sawod |
| Sales designation: | СХТЗ-15/30 |
| Production period: | 1930–1937 and 1948–1950 |
| Engines: | Petroleum engine |
| Standard tires: | Steel wheels |
| Top speed: | 7.4 km / h |
| Empty weight: | 3000 kg |
| Previous model: | none |
| Successor: | ChTS-7 |
The SChTS-15/30 ( Russian СХТЗ-15/30 ) is a Soviet tractor that was manufactured in various tractor factories from 1930. A total of about 400,000 copies were built. The vehicle is a copy of the US McCormick-Deering 15-30 from International Harvester .
Vehicle history
In the 1920s, the Soviet Union lacked both agricultural machinery and technical knowledge. Accordingly, various tractor factories were built in the country in the early 1930s with US help. These included the Stalingradski Traktorny Sawod (opened in 1930), the Kharkovsky Traktorny Sawod (1931) and the Tscheljabinski Traktorny Sawod (1933). While the machines came from the USA, the workers were only trained abroad.
In the course of these developments, production facilities came to the Soviet Union, originally used to manufacture the McCormick-Deering 15-30 tractor from International Harvester . Both the Stalingrad plant (СТЗ for short) and the Kharkov plant (ХТЗ) then made a copy of the tractor. The plant in Stalingrad began in 1930, and that in Kharkov a year later. The models from Stalingrad were designated as СТЗ-15/30, those from Kharkov as ХТЗ-15/30. Since both tractors are identical except for the logo on the radiator, they are summarized in most sources as СХТЗ-15/30 and no further distinction is made (the letters ТЗ each stand for Traktorny Sawod, the С for Stalingrad and the Х for Kharkov - Russian Харьков).
Series production continued in both plants until 1937. In Charkow, a wheel tractor was not built again until 1950 with the ChTS-7 . From 1948 to 1950 a few more SChTS-15 / 30s were produced in an automobile repair plant in Moscow. Depending on the source, a total of 390,500 or 397,000 tractors of the type SChTS-15/30 were built. Some copies have been preserved in museums or as memorials.
Technical specifications
The following data refer to the model SChTS-15/30. Individual values fluctuate slightly depending on the source.
- Motor: petroleum motor *
- Power: 32.5 HP (24 kW)
- Gearbox: manual three-speed gearbox with reverse gear
- minimum speed: 3.5 km / h
- Top speed: 7.4 km / h (forward)
- Weight: 3011 kg
- Number of units built: depending on the source, 390,500 to 397,000
- Tires: steel tires
- Drive formula : 4 × 2
Only a few dates of the Soviet make are known. The following data apply to the American model McCormick-Deering 15-30 , on which the SChTS-15/30 is strongly based.
- Engine: four-cylinder in-line petrol engine
- Fuel: Petroleum *
- Engine displacement: 6255 cm 3 (381.7 in 3 )
- Bore: 114.3 mm (4½ ″)
- Stroke: 152.4 mm (6 ″)
- Power: 22.4 kW (30 hp) at 1050 min -1
- Starter: hand crank
- Transmission: three-speed gearbox with reverse gear
- Tank capacity: 70 l
- Drive formula: 4 × 2
- Length: 3470 mm
- Width: 1650 mm
- Height: 1770 mm
- Weight: 2721 kg
* Petroleum engines work like gasoline engines. In order to be able to burn the heavier petroleum, however, some special features are necessary. They are started with light fuels such as gasoline and brought to operating temperature. Only then is the preheated petroleum used. Petroleum was significantly cheaper than gasoline, especially in the USA, and was therefore used. Other Soviet tractors of the 1920s and 1930s that were replicas of US makes were also equipped with petroleum engines. Examples are the Fordson-Putilowez or the models from the Universal series .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c website on the history of the SChTS-15/30 (Russian)
- ↑ Website on various early tractors from the Soviet Union (Russian)
- ↑ a b website with a short history, some data and information on the number of items (Russian)
- ↑ Website with technical data of the tractor (Russian)
- ↑ Technical data of the McCormick-Deering 15-30 (English)
- ↑ The peculiarities of petroleum engines. Association for historical vehicles and equipment Unterriexingen. (PDF document)
