SD main office
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The SD main office was the highest command of the security service of the Reichsführer SS (SD), the intelligence service of the SS .
Organization and history
The SS security service was founded in autumn 1931: In this early phase, the organization's leadership used rooms in the Brown House , the party headquarters of the NSDAP in Munich , as well as in private apartments. After the National Socialists came to power in the spring of 1933, the expansion of the organization was pushed ahead so that at the turn of the year 1933/34 the establishment of a central management organization could begin.
Until 1934, the head of the SD, Reinhard Heydrich , coordinated the management of his organization from Munich, where on the one hand he ran the offices of the Bavarian Political Police (BPP), whose head he had been since March 1933, and on the other the headquarters of the SD upper section south in Leopoldstrasse 10, used as central offices for the management of the SD. After the SS leadership succeeded in taking control of the Secret State Police in the spring of 1934 , Heydrich was appointed head of the Secret State Police Office in Berlin and the SD in April 1934 . On June 9, 1934, the SD was officially given the status of the only intelligence service within the NSDAP. At this time Heydrich began - like the overall SS leadership under Heinrich Himmler - to move the organizational focus of the SD to Berlin.
In analogy to other upper command authorities of parts of the SS, the now established central command post of the SD was given the name Hauptamt . The resulting SD main office was at that time, alongside the race and settlement main office (raised to this rank in 1935) and the SS main office, one of three main offices that existed in the SS. In later years, the main office for administration and economics (1939), the SS-Personalhauptamt (1939), the main office for the SS court (1939), the SS-Leadership Main Office (1940) and the main office for national political education (1941) were added.
In November 1934, the SD leadership moved into the Prinz-Albrecht-Palais ( Wilhelmstrasse 102) in the immediate vicinity of the Gestapo headquarters in the former arts and crafts school ( Prinz-Albrecht-Strasse 8; both buildings have not been preserved). The main office was initially divided in a military manner into an adjutantage, staff department and central department. In the following years, the organization was systematically refined: New departments were created, which was reflected externally in the fact that a comprehensive renovation of the Prinz-Albrecht-Palais was carried out between 1934 and 1939: the more than six meters high and hall-like rooms of the building were provided with false ceilings and partition walls in order to create a large number of small office spaces.
The SD main office was at the top of the pyramidal hierarchy of the SD: subordinated to it in three levels were the SD upper sections, the SD (control) sections and SD branch offices, which extended as an intelligence network across the entire Reich.
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literature
- Shlomo Aronson : Reinhard Heydrich and the early history of the Gestapo and SD , 1971.
- Ulrich Herbert : Best: Biographical Studies on Radicalism, Weltanschauung and Reason , 2016. (especially organizational chart on p. 601).
- Carsten Schreiber: Elite in secret. Ideology and regional domination practice of the SS security service and its network using the example of Saxony , 2008.