Sabil Bab al-Asbat
.jpg)
The Sabil Bab al-Asbat ( Arabic سبيل باب الأسباط, DMG Sabīl Bāb al-Asbāṭ ) is an Ottoman fountain in the old city of Jerusalem .
Surname
The fountain is called Sabil Bab al-Asbat because it is located near the lion gate , which in Arabic is called Bab al-Asbat (German: Gate of the Tribes). This lion gate also becomes Arabic باب ستي مريم bab sitti marjam called 'gate of my mistress Maria'. Accordingly, the fountain also bears the name Sabil Bab Sitti Marjam ( Arabic سبيل باب ستي مريم, DMG Sabīl Bāb Sitti Marjam ). In addition, the wall on which it is located belongs to the Hamam Sitti Marjam ⊙ . In German it is also called the Löwentorbrunnen due to its location at the Löwentor.
geography
The Sabil Bab al-Asbat ⊙ is located in the Muslim Quarter of Jerusalem . It is located 10 m west of Löwentor ⊙ on the north side of Löwentorstraße . Directly to the east of the fountain, the Storchenturm-Weg branches off through a narrow archway ⊙ .
description
The sable is framed by a rectangular frame that protrudes from the surrounding wall. This frame is 3.72 m wide and 4.72 m high. A profiled bead forms the edge of the frame .
A pointed arch is inserted in the center of the frame . It surrounds a recessed niche that is 1.85 to 1.9 m wide. A profiled bead forms the outer edge of the pointed arch. In the spandrels , a rectangular and a triangular element protrude from the facade.
The pointed arch rises from two fighters resting on rectangular stone pillars. The fighters are decorated with a profiled bead. These beads are copies of the originals. The originals were knocked off by the Jerusalem city council in order to put up signs for visitors in their place.
The field in the pointed arch is decorated with a two-line inscription . Under this inscription is a 1.3 m wide and 0.68 m high field, on which there was previously another now lost inscription. In the lower part of the niche there is another inscription, made in 1980, which is a copy of the inscription of Sabil Birkat al Sultan or Sabil Bab an-Nazir.
Further down, surrounded by a small, shallow niche, there is a hole from which the water used to come out. Underneath there was a 2 m wide and 0.52 m deep basin that has also been lost.
Inscriptions
The upper inscription:
"Greetings to the soul of the purified Prophet , His fingers turned the water into Kauthar (abundance, holy water from Paradise)."
The lower inscription:
“He ordered the construction of this blessed Sabil, our master, the Sultan, the greatest prince and the honorable Hakan who rules the nations, the Sultan of the countries of Rum , the Arabs and Persians, the Sultan Suleyman , the son of the Sultan Selim Khan May Allah preserve and continue his rule and his Sultanate on the 10th of the month of Muharram , the holy one, in the year 943 (June 29th 1536). "
Water supply
The well, like the adjoining bath, was supplied with water via the Qanat as-Sabil and its branches.
history
A waqfiyya (deed of foundation) preserved in the Sijills of Jerusalem (court documents from the 16th century ) attests that the fountain was donated by Suleiman in 1541. It was built in 1536 on the orders of Suleiman. The architectural details also confirm this finding. Of all the Sabils in Jerusalem, the Sabil Bab al-Asbat has the simplest decorations. The reason for this is unknown. It was part of a larger system of about a dozen wells that were built during the Ottoman period . These fountains were built along the pilgrimage route to the Haram and near its gates. They provided the residents and pilgrims with drinking water free of charge.
literature
- Anthony Assetto, Cassidy Hobbs, Joshua Lessard, Judith Bing: Ottoman Sabils of Jerusalem , Drexel University, 2010 online, pdf
Web links
- La Fontaine Sitna Mariam small films show different Sabile of Jerusalem and especially the Sabil al-Asbat
- Les Fontaines overview of different Sabile of Jerusalem with explanatory films
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Ottoman Sabils of Jerusalem at drexel.edu. Retrieved May 12, 2020.
- ↑ The "Ottoman Fountain" in Jerusalem at theologische-links.de. Retrieved May 12, 2020.
- ↑ Sabil Bab al-Asbat for OSM. Retrieved May 12, 2020.
- ↑ Yusuf Natsheh: Water Systems of the Haram Al-Sharif in Pilgrimage, Sciences and Sufism: Islamic Art in the West Bank and Gaza , 2010, Museum ohne Grenzen, ISBN 978-3-902782-11-3 online at google-books. Retrieved May 12, 2020.
Map with all coordinates: