Salomon (noble family)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Salomon is the name of a noble family from Lorraine .

history

origin

The origin of the noble family of those of Salomon is obscure. According to tradition, the family comes from Venice, where the patrician family Salamon existed.

Salamon

From 1297 until its extinction in 1788, members of the Salamon family belonged to the Great Council of Venice . In the Venetian coastal cities of the Adriatic, people with this surname were part of the urban ruling class and appointed captains and mayors there.

According to legend, the noble family Salamon should descend from two ancient noble families (Centranico, Centranighi, Centraneghi, Barbolani, Barbolano) who came to Venice as early as 715 and belonged to the advisable upper class there, even counting among the 24 "old families". From 1026 to 1032 they provided Pietro Centranigo, the 28th Doge of Venice.

The last Centranico died in 1344, the last Barbolano preceded him in death in 1311. Nevertheless, according to legend, the noble family Salamon should descend from these two families, although the sources do not reveal how.

Beginning of the stem row

Jean Salomon (1660–1739) immigrated from Lorraine to Alsace in 1687 when it came to France. The trunk row begins with him. The family initially belonged to the class of notables (a kind of official nobility), provided court presidents, tax and forest officials as well as officers. The de Salomon family later belonged to the noblesse de robe , as they made the court president of Kolmar three generations in a row, so that this dignity - associated with noble privileges - finally became hereditary. Until 1745 the noble family wrote itself without "de".

The Prussian line

Ludwig Cassian von Salomon (1759–1834) emigrated to Prussian Geldern, where he was first lieutenant in the free battalion of the Prussian lieutenant general Konstantin Nathanael von Salenmon and then mayor of the city of Geldern . He married the heiress of the Grotelaers family and founded the Prussian line of the noble family.

Initially, the future in-laws of the Prussian lieutenant Ludwig Cassian von Salomon had opposed the intended marriage because he was not sufficiently known to them as a stranger with regard to his origin. Since he was at odds with his parents, he turned to his cousin Etienne-Ignace de Salomon, President of the Conseil Souverain in Kolmar, from whom he received a handwritten notarial certificate, issued by 6 members of the oldest Alsatian nobility, and another indubitable testimony of his parentage. After that, nothing stood in the way of the wedding.

The Bonn university judge Friedrich von Salomon (1790–1861) submitted a request for the restoration of nobility rights on behalf of his father Ludwig Cassian on the basis of the cabinet order of January 18, 1826 to the Minister of State and Upper President for the Rhine Province Baron von Ingersleben zu Koblenz Berlin was approved on May 2, 1827 by the House Ministry by Minister Prince Wittgenstein and confirmed on June 8, 1827 by the Rhenish High Presidium. The nobility was recognized and the nobility was renewed by the King of Prussia. On June 24, 1829 the family was entered in the nobility register of the Prussian Rhine Province under no. 47 in the class of nobles.

The writer Ernst von Salomon dealt with the family history of the noble von Salomon family in detail in his bestseller “ The Questionnaire ”.

Salomon pepper

The childless royal Prussian major a. D. Felix von Salomon (son of Ludwig Cassian) adopted his nephew, the Rittmeister Ferdinand Pfeffer. The King of Prussia raised the adoptive son to the Prussian nobility on July 14, 1862, who thus became the progenitor of the new epistolary family " Pfeffer von Salomon ". In the Third Reich, the family name was changed to "von Pfeffer" on July 8, 1941, because "Salomon" sounded too "Jewish" to the staunch National Socialists Franz and Fritz Pfeffer von Salomon. The nobility was ultimately due to the adoption by a Major von Solomon, a Catholic.

coat of arms

On November 22, 1697, the coat of arms of Jean Salomon (1660–1739) was laid down by Charles d'Hozier in Paris, in accordance with document no. 360, and so assumed the role of "Armorial General de France".

Coat of arms (1827): “Under a blue shield head in silver covered with three five-pointed silver stars, a striding red bear on a green hill. On the crowned helmet with red-silver blankets a growing red bear. "

In the description of the coat of arms in the application for the renewal and recognition of the nobility in Prussia: “The coat of arms is oval Italian, the lower part of it is a silver field in which a red bear stands on a mountain of sand. The upper part of the shield is sky blue and has three silver stars. The coat of arms is covered with the crown of a marquis and is held by two lions. "

Members of the noble family

Known relatives

Controversial relative

  • Konstantin Nathanael von Salenmon (1710–1797), Prussian lieutenant general and fortress governor. Its true origin is still unclear today. There was no independent noble family of Salenmon. In several genealogical reference books, e.g. B. von Kneschke , he will be the v. Associated with Solomon. General von Salenmon was the immediate superior of Lieutenant Ludwig Cassian von Salomon in Geldern .

Tribal list of the noble family

  1. Ludwig Friedrich Cassian von Salomon (1759–1834), Mayor of the city of Geldern, Kgl. prussia. Lieutenant a. D., owner of the Grotelaers estate near Geldern - married to Constantine de Petit (1765–1822), heiress of the Grotelaers estate and estate.
    1. Friedrich von Salomon (1790–1861), university judge in Bonn.
    2. Josefine von Salomon (1793–1885) - married to Dr. med. Friedrich Pfeffer (1790–1866), rent master zu Geldern.
      1. Ferdinand Pfeffer von Salomon (1822–1901), Kgl. prussia. Colonel zD
        1. Max Pfeffer von Salomon (1854–1918), Kgl. prussia. Secret advice zD
          1. Franz Pfeffer von Salomon (1888–1968), Kgl. prussia. Captain a. D., Freikorps Commander, Supreme SA Leader, Member of the National Socialist Party (NSDAP).
          2. Friedrich Pfeffer von Salomon (1892–1961), Kgl. prussia. Lieutenant a. D., SA leader, district president of Wiesbaden, district chairman of the German party (DP).
          3. Ludwiga Pfeffer von Salomon (1894–1981) - married to Gustav von Schneidermesser (1891–1975), Lieutenant General ret. D.
        2. Ernst Pfeffer von Salomon (1856–1923), Vice President of the Government.
          1. Elisabeth Pfeffer von Salomon (1892–1974), wife of Karl August Wegener (1890–1963), State Secretary in the NRW Ministry of Agriculture
        3. Anna Pfeffer von Salomon (1866–1944), wife of Max Forster (1861–1938), Royal. Württ. General of the cavalry
    3. Louise von Salomon (1799–1827) - married to Leonhard Jonkheer van der Maesen de Sombreff (1775–1865).
      1. Paul Jonkheer van der Maesen de Sombreff (1827–1902), Dutch. Minister for Foreign Affairs 1862–1864.
    4. Felix von Salomon (1807-1886), Kgl. Prussia. Major a. D.
    5. Ernst von Salomon (1809–1888), landowner on Grotelaers - married to Caroline Freiin von Büllingen (1806–1891)
      1. Felix von Salomon (1843–1909), Herr auf Grotelaers, businessman - married to Marie-Philippine Roeffs (1851–1882).
        1. Felix von Salomon (1875–1920), Kgl. Prussia. Criminal Inspector, Rittmeister of the Landwehr Cavalry a. D. - married to Anette Gerlach (* 1876).
          1. Bruno von Salomon (1900–1952), political activist.
          2. Ernst von Salomon (1902–1972), writer.
            1. Cassian von Salomon (* 1956), former editor-in-chief at SPIEGEL TV. .
          3. Horst von Salomon (* 1904), aviation journalist.
          4. Günther von Salomon (1908–1980), businessman.
            1. Michael von Salomon (* 1938), landowner at Grotelaers.


(Excerpts from the master list, only containing the most important people).

literature

  • Adelslexikon , Vol. 12, 2001, pp. 217f.
  • Gotha , Briefadel, 1908, pp. 796–798
  • Handbook of the Prussian Nobility , Vol. 1, Berlin 1892, pp. 495f.
  • Kneschke , Vol. 8, Leipzig 1868, p. 29
  • Ledebur , Vol. 2, Berlin 1856, p. 226
  • Siebmacher , Volume 3.1: The coats of arms of the Prussian nobility , Nuremberg 1857, p. 343
  • Siebmacher , Volume 2,10: The nobility of Alsace , Nuremberg 1871, p. 19
  • Françoise Krug, Recherches sur la famille de Salomon au XVIIIe siècle (= Publications de la Société Savante d'Alsace et des Régions de l'Est. Collection Recherches et Documents , Vol. 28), Strasbourg 1979