Collective agency
Collective representation is a term used in international law and diplomacy .
term
With collective representation , two or more states accredit the same person as a common ambassador in a receiving state.
Article 6 of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations (WÜD) of 1961 allows this possibility . It is particularly attractive for small states. The prerequisite is that the receiving country does not object to the collective representation.
According to customary international law, a collective accreditation also requires that the sending states have a special political relationship to one another. Otherwise collective representation would not be possible in practice. For example, the ambassadors of Switzerland also represent the Principality of Liechtenstein in most of the world's countries.
Legal basis
Article 6 of the Vienna Agreement on Diplomatic Relations states
- Several states can authenticate the same person as head of mission to another state, unless the receiving state objects.
Multiple accreditation
From the collection agency that is dual accreditation (also double accreditation or additional accreditation called) to distinguish. With multiple accreditation, the ambassador of one country is accredited in two or more countries at the same time.
A combination of collective representation and multiple accreditation is also conceivable. The Swiss ambassador in Manila is double-accredited in Palau . He also represents the Principality of Liechtenstein as part of the collective agency in Palau.
literature
- Knut Ipsen : International Law. 4th edition. Munich 1999, p. 487 ( ISBN 3-406-37115-9 )