Sandower Strasse (Cottbus)
The Sandower Street ( Lower Sorbian Žandojska droga ) is a street in Cottbus . The street goes east from the Altmarkt . It is one of the three main streets of old Cottbus that meet at the Altmarkt. For this reason it was a long-distance trade route in the Middle Ages.
Location and history
The Sandower Straße begins at the Altmarkt and runs to the Richtplatz, from here it goes in an S-bend to the left around the upper church and right around the Schlossberg to the Sandower bridge. The street was already listed in the city of Cottbus in 1800. In 1861 it was part of Berliner Strasse in the western part, and in the eastern part it was called Brückenstrasse. From 1892 the street from the Altmarkt to Sandower Bridge is called Sandower Straße.
Houses
There are ten listed houses and the also listed Tuchmacherbrunnen on Sandower Straße . A detailed list of the listed houses can be found in the list of architectural monuments in Cottbus . The upper church of St. Nikolai is also located on Sandower Straße. In detail these are:
Sandower Strasse 1
The building permit for the new building of the house at Sandower Str. 1 for the businessman and city councilor Adolf Zeidler was granted in 1868. The building is on the north side of the street, three window axes wide, three-storey plastered building with a high jamb and a vaulted cellar. The ground floor is by pilasters divided and the upper floors by a sill cornice separated. The first floor is emphasized by the rich window design as a bel étage: strong triangular gables on consoles; Parapets with terracotta reliefs showing two propped up figures with a sunflower. The second floor is kept simpler, with straight roofs and sills on consoles with an ornamental frieze. The jamb has windows arranged in pairs and a protruding eaves cornice, the underside of which is decorated with rosettes. Inside, only the staircase facing the courtyard with a trail railing has been preserved from the original furnishings . The facade of the house with its highly sculptural and filigree decorative elements is characteristic of late classicism.
Sandower Strasse 13
The house was built in two phases, the ground floor at the end of the 17th century and the upper floor in the middle of the 18th century. From the beginning of the 19th century the house was partially used as a restaurant, and from 1851 there was a brewery here. The house has been empty since 1987 and is falling apart.
Sandower Strasse 17
The canvas dealer Gustav Krüger had this house built around 1825. It is a typical rural manor house in a Biedermeier structure with the classical plastered facade of the 19th century. Approval for a veranda with an outside staircase on the garden facade was granted in 1894. The small outside staircase and three windows with green shutters on each side are characteristic of this single-storey house. The house entrance is in the middle and bat dormers are arranged on the half-hip roof. The doors and the parquet floor date from around 1900. In 1921 the entrance gate and a separate entrance from the east side were created. The richly decorated garden front in neo-baroque form stands out particularly. Even the frames of the side windows are intricately decorated. The west side of the house is part of the old city wall. The garden north of the house leads up to the old ramparts. Some older trees have been preserved, such as oak and copper beech. During the GDR times, this building was used as a kindergarten. The garden was redesigned for this. Sand play boxes, a concrete pool, swings and a climbing frame were set up. After the fall of the Wall, the garden was redesigned and the house was privately renovated. The exterior, including the terrace, and the ceiling design with paintings and reliefs inside the house have been preserved in keeping with the style.
Sandower Strasse 19
The former community school was built in 1895/96, with the design being drawn up by the city building department under the direction of the city building councilor Richard Bachsmann. The building is a symmetrically laid out, red exposed brick building with a flat hipped roof and a high basement . The façades are structured horizontally by surrounding cornices and decorative ribbons made of black glazed bricks. The upper floors are divided into three-axis-wide wall fields with overlapping pilaster strips, sill cornices and ribbon-like templates, which are closed off by console friezes. The twelve-axis long sides also have three-axis side projections. On the narrow sides there are hardly any risalite staircases to be seen. A single-storey porch under a gable roof and decorative gable is in front of each entrance . Originally, the district building that was located on this property was expanded into a school in 1893. However, the demand for school rooms could not be covered, so the city council decided in July 1895 to build a new school at this location. The building was inaugurated in October 1896 as a double school with 26 classrooms. The boys' and girls' community school was housed in the northern part and the girls' community school in the southern part. In 1914 the boys 'middle school was also housed in the building and in 1930 the city's higher commercial colleges and the girls' classes from the commercial vocational school moved here. After the Second World War, the teacher training institute and later the vocational school were housed in the building for a short time. It is currently used by the commercial departments of Oberstufenzentrum II. The school is an important structural testimony to the urban development at that time and documents the upswing in the educational system in Cottbus. With its balanced symmetry and simple decoration, it forms a striking focal point at the eastern entrance of Sandower Straße.
Sandower Strasse 42
The residential building at Sandower Strasse 42 originally consists of two houses. The older left part was built in the late 18th century as a massive, four-axis building with a gable roof. It can be found on the floor plan of the city of Cottbus from 1800. In 1855 Heinrich Robert Hilpert opened a hardware store here. In 1857 he also acquired the neighboring property, on which he presumably had a new house built, which was connected to the neighboring building by a staircase. Around 1900 the house entrance was relocated and the interior structure was changed significantly. During the extensive renovation in 1994/95, the construction time floor plan was completely removed, the roof was removed and dormer windows were installed. In addition, the house was extended to the courtyard. The property is now a six-axis, two-storey building, the corners of which are emphasized with pilaster strips . On the upper floor there are 6 irregularly arranged windows with simple plaster framing and profiled window sills and cornice. The shop windows and the recessed entrance area have been renewed based on the model of the hardware store fixtures from the period after the First World War. The sales room takes up the entire ground floor. Under the left half of the building there are large barrel-vaulted storage cellars with side walls made of monastery brick. The basement rooms are now used as a restaurant. With the facade typical of the 18th century, the house contributes to the historical character of Sandower Straße. The preserved parts of the roof and the late medieval cellar are interesting for the building history.
Sandower Strasse 48
The property at Sandower Straße 48 was built in the second half of the 18th century as a craftsman's house and is located on the east side of the street opposite the upper church St. Nikolai . In the address book, an inn in the house is mentioned for the first time in 1896, run by Hermann Schulz, which later served as a meeting point for journeyman bakers and was therefore popularly known as the "baker's exchange". Today's restaurant bears this name. The house is a small, gable-independent solid building with a hipped roof with a simple structure of the facade on the upper floor typical of the 1800s. The windows with simple plaster framing are connected by a sill cornice. The ground floor has been characterized by a large window cut since it was used as a restaurant. The cellars facing the street, consisting of two small rooms with barrel vaults and walls made of mixed masonry, are assigned to a medieval predecessor building. The cellars on the courtyard side with Prussian cap vaults are much more recent. The roof structure, a collar beam rafter construction with three pointed columns, is unique in Cottbus. With all its features, the building embodies the typical petty bourgeois house of the 18th century, which can hardly be seen outside of the Altmarkt, and it is one of the last examples of the design that shaped the appearance of the city outside the market.
Sandower Strasse 50
The residential building at Sandower Straße 50 was built in 1795/96 on behalf of Ferdinand Köhler, who later became second mayor of Cottbus, on two merged properties. From 1811 it was owned by the cloth merchant Friedrich Wilhelm Liersch and was acquired by the city council in 1905. It was repaired to serve as Town House II. The building housed the city savings bank, the poor office, the registry office and the city archive. In the years 1952–54 it was converted into an outpatient clinic for the People's Police. Later the building was partially converted back into living space and has been empty since the early 1990s. Later, the restaurateur Carsten Hajek bought the building and had it renovated in 2009/10 in accordance with a listed building. The house now offers 840 square meters of living and office space. According to Ulrich Sasse, Chairman of the Monument Advisory Council, the facade was faithfully restored on the basis of restoration investigations and also reflects the coloring of the time it was built. The property is a representative, two-storey corner building facing the court with five to eight window axes with a mansard roof . The two sides are richly decorated and characterized by a dense pilaster cornice structure. The entrance portal on Sandower Strasse is framed by ornamented pilasters and crowned by a decorative cartouche with garland decorations. The windows of the building are framed by simple cleaning flasks with fan-like keystones. The central windows on the Sandower Strasse side are also decorated with garland-like decorations. They are straight on the ground floor and arched on the upper floor. Standing dormers are integrated into the roof. Due to its stylistic characteristics, the house occupies a special position and is one of the most important buildings in the region in terms of art and architectural history. The design is based on the model of the palace-like residential buildings of the Potsdam late baroque, the so-called Zopfstil, unique in Cottbus. As the administrative center for many years, the building is also a testimony to the local history.
Sandower Strasse 54
The core of the residential building at Sandower Strasse 54 probably dates back to 1698. The facade was redesigned in the middle of the 18th century. The building stands on originally three medieval parcels. This property was probably owned by the city from the beginning of the 16th century. In the town fire in 1671, the smaller previous building, which was inhabited by several town clerks, was almost completely destroyed. In 1698 a new building took place with the inclusion of the remains of the wall of the front building. The barrel-vaulted cellar under the western part of the building probably also dates from this period. The city sold the building in 1701 to the postmaster, mayor and judge of the French colony, Georg Müller, who ran a post office there. After that, the owners often changed. In the 19th century, the ground floor was changed several times with shop fittings, around 1900 there were 4 shops with their own entrances and windows. In 1901 the merchant Ludwig Kunert bought the house and had the stucco decoration of the facade renewed in line with contemporary tastes. The building has been owned by the Cottbus building management company since 1986 and was restored in 1991/92 (facade, dismantling of the ground floor and decoration of the narrow side). In addition, the interior was renovated and rebuilt by the Bayerische Vereinsbank, which was temporarily housed there. The corner building with a hipped roof is a two-storey, eaves-mounted plastered building with eight axes, which are structured by colossal pilasters, the capitals of which are decorated with masks and volutes. The entrance to the house is framed by pilasters supported by beams. Recessed rectangular fields with fine, richly ornamented stucco frames can be found between the upper floor windows. Their motifs show acanthus, cartouches, shells as well as tendrils and foliage. The parapet areas are decorated with large oval plaster mirrors decorated with rosettes. A lintel cornice can be seen above the windows, which leads to a stepped eaves cornice. Both cornices are cranked with colossal pilasters. Large bat dormers are built into the hipped roof. Inside, stucco ceiling elements from the 19th century have been preserved. The stately home with its multi-layered expressiveness to the building and city history is the only surviving example of a "facade modernization" of the town houses from around 1700 that was carried out around 1905, in which baroque structural elements were combined with imaginative, strongly stylized neo-baroque forms under Art Nouveau influence.
Sandower Strasse 57
The core of the residential building at Sandower Str. 57 is a late Gothic brick building, the basement, ground floor and parts of the upper floor have been incorporated into the new baroque building. This new building was built in two construction phases around 1700 and 1780. The core building is mentioned for the first time in 1544. The house was badly damaged in the town fire in 1671 and it was not until 1730 that Christian Richter had the house expanded for a pewter foundry, which he operated here from 1734. The stairs were relocated, the room height was changed and barrel vaults were installed in the eastern part of the ground floor for fire protection reasons. In 1781, the facade was changed on behalf of the pewter caster Johann Christian Richter. Among other things, a group of three windows was installed on the ground floor and the gable was built. Ludwig Klingmüller took over the pewter foundry in 1797, followed by Andreas Friedrich José in 1819. The master cloth maker Friedrich König founded the “Königs Bierhaus” here in 1825, which remained in the family for 100 years. In the mid-1930s, the innkeeper Richard Dubrauke leased the bar and renamed it “Paulaner Bräu”. After the Second World War, Hans-Joachim Reinhardt took over the inn. Since the 1960s, the plaster was peeling off due to water damage, revealing Gothic brick windows. During the subsequent building investigations, shell masonry made of Gothic bricks in monastery format and arched wall niches in the side walls inside were uncovered. In 1988 the ceiling mount from the early Renaissance was also proven. Unfortunately, these discoveries were not taken into account in the "reconstruction" in 1988/89 - valuable Gothic building fabric was lost and a large part of the shaped stones in the eastern part of the window facade was chipped off. The property is a two-storey gabled house with three axes and a large barrel-vaulted cellar. The horizontals are emphasized by strong cornices and there are plastered mirrors between the windows on the upper floor. The arched central entrance is flanked by Tuscan pilasters. In the slightly curved tail gable with a semicircular end there are two flat arched windows and an ox eye . The house is the only previously known town house in which the late medieval brick masonry was included in a "new building". There is thus a hint from the architectural and urban history that Cottbus did not only have half-timbered houses at that time . This indicates the economic importance of the city and the prosperity of parts of its population as early as the Gothic period (until 1550).
Sandower Strasse 59
The house is on the corner of the Altmarkt. It was built around 1780. It is a two-story building with a gable roof. Its facade is characterized by the pilaster-framed entrance, which carries a massive, semicircular roof. The ground floor has strong plaster blocks . A colored strip of plaster separates the two floors. The windows of the upper floor are by window surrounds edged same hue. The side ends of the house are emphasized by a plaster block on the upper floor.
literature
- Marie-Luise Buchinger and Marcus Cante: Monuments in Brandenburg, Teltow Fläming district, part 1: City of Jüterbog with Zinna monastery and Niedergörsdorf community, Wernersche Verlaggesellschaft, ISBN 3-88462-154-8
- Irmgard Ackermann, Marcus Cante, Antje Mues. Monuments in Brandenburg, Volume 2.1, City of Cottbus Part 1: Old Town, Mühleninsel, Neustadt and Ostrow, inner Spremberger Vorstadt, "City Promenade", western urban expansion, historical Brunschwig, Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms am Rhein, 2001, ISBN 3-88462-176- 9
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ List of monuments of the State of Brandenburg: City of Cottbus (PDF) Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation and State Archaeological Museum
- ↑ Lausitz Am Sonntag, issue no. 37, September 12, 2010 "New life for old walls"
Map with all coordinates: