Nodule saxifrage

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Nodule saxifrage
Nodular saxifrage (Saxifraga granulata)

Nodular saxifrage ( Saxifraga granulata )

Systematics
Eudicotyledons
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Order : Saxifragales (Saxifragales)
Family : Saxifragaceae (Saxifragaceae)
Genre : Saxifrage ( Saxifraga )
Type : Nodule saxifrage
Scientific name
Saxifraga granulata
L.

The nodules saxifrage ( Saxifraga granulata ), also , grain or granule saxifrage and White saxifrage called, is a European plant species belonging to the genus saxifrage ( Saxifraga ) in the family Saxifragaceae belongs (Saxifragaceae).

description

The nodular saxifrage grows as a perennial herbaceous plant and usually reaches heights of between 15 and 40 (50) centimeters. The hairy stem is upright and usually branched from the middle. The basal leaves are 12 to 40 millimeters wide, round kidney-shaped and have a lobed, notched edge (suggested palm-shaped). They are petiolate and their stalk is about one and a half to five times as long as the blade. They are clustered in rosettes, often appear in autumn and are evergreen. At the base of the shoot in the axils of the basal leaves, nesting onions (bulbs) sit as small nodules (name!).

Bloom of the nodular saxifrage

The long-stalked inflorescence is paniculate. The five-fold flowers are hermaphroditic. The calyx lobes are erect and 3–5 millimeters long. The white petals are 9 to 17 millimeters long. The stamens are half as long as the petals. The ovary is almost completely sunk into the flower tube. The fruit capsule is almost spherical and up to 7 millimeters long.

The flowering period extends from May to June.

The species has the chromosome number 2n = 52, but also 30, 32, 46, 48, 52 and fluctuating between 49 and 60.

Nodular saxifrage ( Saxifraga granulata ) in the habitat

Systematics

There are two subspecies in Europe:

  • Saxifraga granulata subsp. graniticola D.A. Webb ; it occurs only in Spain and northern Portugal
  • Saxifraga granulata L. subsp. granules .

Occurrence

Nodule saxifrage occurs in extensively used grassland communities, especially in richer, dry sandy grassland, poor oat grass, sometimes also in semi-dry grass, marigold meadows and grass grass, as well as on embankments, dams, old dykes, paths and ditch edges. Locations are mostly dry to moist, nutrient-poor and base-rich sandy and loamy soils. It occurs in lean societies of the order Arrhenatheretalia, but also in acidic societies of the Mesobromion or Carpinion associations.

The distribution in Europe is concentrated in Western and Central Europe. In southern Europe the species goes to Sicily and southern Spain, yes even to northwest Africa, in northern Europe only to central Sweden. There are also gaps in the area over long stretches, including in parts of the north-west German lowlands and the Alps. In Austria the species occurs from the colline to the montane altitude level, but is rare in all federal states except Tyrol and Vorarlberg .

The Knöllchen saxifrage is on the regional red lists of endangered plant species and is particularly protected in Germany. Above all, the decline in mesophilic grassland in favor of intensive grassland or arable land is one of the reasons for the heavy loss of populations in recent decades.

Naturopathy

The plant was used in ancient medicine and is still used in folk medicine and homeopathy for semolina and stone ailments of the kidneys and bladder (generic name!).

literature

  • X. Finkenzeller: Alpine flowers. 2003. ISBN 3-576-11482-3
  • Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria. Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer . Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
  • Eckhard Garve: Atlas of the endangered fern and flowering plants in Lower Saxony and Bremen. Nature conservation landscape conservation Lower Saxony 30, Hanover 1994. ISBN 3-922321-68-2
  • Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Klaus Kaplan in Gustav Hegi : Illustrated flora of Central Europe . 3rd edition Volume IV, Part 2 A, pages 194–197. Blackwell-Wissenschaftsverlag Berlin 1995. ISBN 3-8263-3016-1

supporting documents

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  491 .
  2. ↑ Jaakko Jalas, Juha Suominen, Raino Lampinen, Arto Kurtto: Atlas florae europaeae . Volume 12 (Resedaceae to Platanaceae). Page 176–177, Helsinki 1999. ISBN 951-9108-12-2
  3. ↑ WISIA Scientific Information System for International Species Protection. Retrieved February 28, 2019 .
  4. ↑ Walter Lawrence Wardale: The High German Bartholomäus. Critically commented text from a medieval pharmacopoeia based on the London manuscripts Brit. Mus. Add. 16,892, Brit. Mus. Arundel 164, Brit. Mus. Add. 17.527, Brit. Mus. Add. 34,304 [...] Edited by James Follan, Dundee 1993, Text I, No. 148, and p. 48.

Web links

Commons : Knöllchen-Steinbrech  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files