Schöneberg waste incineration plant

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The Schöneberg waste incineration plant was the first industrial waste incineration plant in what is now Berlin. It was created in 1921 for the Schöneberg district of Berlin , which had only been incorporated a year earlier and still had an independent district waste facility.

history

In contrast to the other districts , the Schönebergers did not make their rubbish outside of the urban area, but tried to dispose of it within Schöneberg. On the edge of the residential development on the Rote Insel at that time, a facility was built where the Ringbahn cuts the Königsweg (today: Naumannstrasse ). The Munich-based Vesuvio  AG installed several modern waste disposal solutions one after the other on behalf of the district waste disposal company, none of which, however, were able to prevail over the long term.

The first attempts at incineration in Berlin go back to the end of the 19th century. However, these systems, which were only on an experimental scale, never ran promisingly. The Schöneberg district, on the other hand, built a plant on an industrial scale. This should help to save costs. The modern process saved transport routes, reduced the volume of waste and also enabled waste to be used for energy purposes. However, the system never ran as promised, had to be stopped again and again, and even when it ran, the results did not meet the client's wishes. The longest period in which the Schöneberg waste incineration plant ran continuously was six months from October 1923 to March 1924. Overall, the plant was in operation from October 1921 to March 1924, but only ran on 279 days while it was the rest of the time has been rebuilt or repaired.

The problem was numerous design errors in the system, which was not originally designed for the incineration of household waste. Another specific problem for Berlin was the low calorific value of Berlin's household waste. The charcoal , which was mainly used for firing in Berlin, was completely burned, so that - unlike hard coal - it no longer delivered any combustible substances to household waste. For example, during this time the London garbage had a calorific value of 2900 cal / kg, the Berlin garbage only one of 1000 cal / kg. The addition of real coal and the use of large fans for better combustion meant that larger quantities of coal dust were blown directly out of the chimney and the entire area around the system was covered with a layer of coal dust.

That is why the plant stopped burning rubbish as early as 1925, but produced garbage wool using the method developed by the Berlin engineer Kurt Gerson. The garbage wool experiment also only lasted a few years, the site was retained, but its use changed many times. In the 1930s, a member of the NSDAP had fiberboard made from the garbage. The pollution of the environment by the production process increased significantly compared to the waste incineration times. Today there is a recycling yard of the Berlin city cleaning company there .

literature

  • Ernst Goger: The waste incineration plant in Berlin-Schöneberg: A look back and an outlook. 1924.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Olaf Stellberger: Garbage location Rote Insel in Schöneberg: experimental field of the modern garbage. In: Susanne Köstering, Renate Rüb (ed.): Yesterday's trash? - An environmental history exploration in Berlin and Brandenburg. Waxmann Verlag, 2003, ISBN 3-8309-1258-7 , p. 125.
  2. ↑ a b Olaf Stellberger: Garbage location Rote Insel in Schöneberg : Field of experimentation for modern garbage in: Susanne Köstering, Renate Rüb (ed.): Garbage from yesterday? - An environmental history exploration in Berlin and Brandenburg. Waxmann Verlag, 2003, ISBN 3-8309-1258-7 , p. 127.
  3. ↑ Olaf Stellberger: Garbage location Rote Insel in Schöneberg: Experimental field of the modern garbage in: Susanne Köstering, Renate Rüb (Ed.): Garbage from yesterday? - An environmental history exploration in Berlin and Brandenburg. Waxmann Verlag, 2003, ISBN 3-8309-1258-7 , p. 128.
  4. ↑ Olaf Stellberger: Garbage location Rote Insel in Schöneberg: Experimental field of the modern garbage in: Susanne Köstering, Renate Rüb (Ed.): Garbage from yesterday? - An environmental history exploration in Berlin and Brandenburg. Waxmann Verlag, 2003, ISBN 3-8309-1258-7 , p. 137.

Coordinates: 52 ° 28 ′ 38.7 "  N , 13 ° 21 ′ 45.4"  E