Jumper wire
Jumper wire is a rigid wire, usually provided with PVC insulation, in accordance with DIN VDE 0812 and 0891-2 ( type abbreviations YV, H05V-U, H07V-U and SiD, mostly made of copper , less often of silver). In addition to the flexible switch wire , which is preferred for vehicles and moving machines, it is used to establish electrical connections in devices and systems, especially in telecommunications and information processing systems such as routing .
In addition, jumper wire with an extended temperature range with ETFE insulation for increased resistance to cold and heat (e.g. in high-frequency and microwave technology and other heating devices ) and with FEP insulation for additional increased chemical and solvent resistance ( e.g. in the chemical industry) according to DIN VDE 0881 application.
Jumper wire is used mainly for reasons of cost and because it is easier to process. Jumper wires can be soldered , clamped or wound . Welding is also rarely done. On printed circuit boards not insulated switchgear wires are also bare, besides copper wire used mostly tinned for reducing the resistance to the solder joints and to prevent oxidation or silver plated DIN 40500th Versilberter jumper wire is taking advantage of the skin effect and due to the higher electrical conductance of silver and in high frequency technology application.
Important properties
One of the properties that are used to select jumper wires is the conductor cross-section. The cross section is important for the current carrying capacity. Often the diameter is also given. However, the cross-section is more proportional to the current-carrying capacity. The insulation determines the dielectric strength (rated and test voltage) of the jumper wire as well as the maximum and, if applicable, minimum operating temperature. The dielectric loss factor is only of minor importance in low-frequency applications.
Typical materials
Conductor wire
The conductor wire of jumper wires usually consists of copper and is sometimes also tin-plated or silver-plated. In addition, there is also silver wire that is alloyed with a small amount of copper, which is used more for jewelry production, but also in electrical engineering.
Isolations
The following materials are used for insulation:
- Polyvinyl chloride (PVC): very common
- Polyethylene (PE): telecommunications
- Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE): The properties are similar to ETFE, the heat resistance is even higher. Applications can be found in the high temperature range, at high frequencies or high voltages.
- Ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE): Properties are high chemical and solvent resistance, cold and heat resistance, good electrical insulating properties with low, almost frequency-independent dielectric properties. He will u. a. used as winding wire .
- Tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP): chemical and solvent resistance
- Silicone: Properties are high chemical and solvent resistance, high cold and heat resistance, flame retardancy
- Fabrics made of organic materials or glass fibers, often soaked with lacquer (high operating temperature, high mechanical stress)
In the past, paper insulation and, in the early days of electrical engineering, gutta-percha were used for insulation.
Individual evidence
- ↑ DIN VDE 0812 VDE 0812: 1988-11 - Jumper wires and switch wires with PVC insulating sleeves for telecommunications systems and information processing systems. VDE Verlag GmbH, accessed on January 20, 2018 .
- ↑ Insulated jumper wires with extended temperature range. SAB Bröckskes GmbH & Co. KG, accessed on January 20, 2018 .
- ↑ Martin Klein: Introduction to the DIN standards . Ed .: Springer-Verlag. July 2, 2013, p. 559 . - limited preview in the Google book search
- ↑ Ship electronics: bare or tinned copper wire? November 16, 2009, accessed January 13, 2018 .
- ↑ Silver wire / fine silver wire. Retrieved January 13, 2018 .
- ↑ AWG wires PTFE-5Y insulated. (PDF; 528 kB) Retrieved January 20, 2018 .
- ↑ ETFE-insulated jumper wire. 2017, accessed January 20, 2018 .
- ↑ Ölflex Heat 180 SiD. Retrieved January 20, 2018 .