Schenkschieve

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The Schenkschieve or Schenkschive (of pay : pour a drink for the offering and = originally Schieve = Low German: disk drive) is a common to 1480-1670 North German cabinet furniture type. Its unmistakable, eponymous characteristic is the plate that folds out in the middle, which, like a sideboard or sideboard, was used to pour and present the precious drinking vessels stored in it. When closed, the cabinet facade, with its frame and panel construction, is divided into fields of different sizes.

history

Two late-Gothic Schenkschieven in the Lüneburg town hall are still built-in cabinets in the paneling . The older type designation Lüneburg Cabinet is based on this example, but it is misleading because the type was widespread throughout the Lower German coastal area. In the 16th century, the Schenkschieve detached itself from the wall paneling and became movable furniture in the true sense of the word. The division of the fields now also referred more and more clearly to the storey levels. The Schenkschieve was for a certain time the representative bourgeois furniture in the coastal regions ; This is also supported by the fact that it was prescribed as a masterpiece by carpenters in Lüneburg from 1498, in Hamburg from around 1550 and in Bremen up to around 1670 , although in recent decades it was quite out of fashion and only survived in rural living culture. In the decades around 1600, pictorial narratives were often placed on the panels as carved reliefs, replacing the folded ornaments derived from late Gothic traditions. Great examples of this carving art come from Bremen and Dithmarschen. The flap can now go over the entire width. The flat relief of the early period leads to more and more powerful modeling of the grid of frames and fillings in the course of style development. The elimination of figurative carving and a structure with richly profiled " bosses " based on the Dutch model are characteristic of the later period.

The distribution area of ​​the Schenkschieve includes northern Lower Saxony , Schleswig-Holstein , the adjacent Jutland and parts of the Mark Brandenburg .

  • Schieve with a carved representation of the parable of the prodigal son , 1608. Bremen, Focke-Museum

  • Schenkschieve in the Dutch style around 1650–1670, Museumsberg Flensburg

  • Schenkschieve, facade section and half elevation of the masterpiece by the Bremen carpenter H.Steffens, around 1650. Bremen, Focke Museum .

literature

  • Heinrich Kreisel: The Art of German Furniture , Volume 1, Munich 1968, p. 35 ff
  • Walter Passarge: On the historical position of the Schenkschieve , in: Festschrift for the 25th anniversary of the opening day of the collections, Flensburg 1928, pp. 83–91.
  • Thomas Schürmann: Heirlooms. Evidence of rural living culture in the Elbe-Weser area . Stade 2002, pp. 349–353 (with further references)
  • Nis R. Nissen : Schenkschieve, requisite for a legal act? in: The Right of Little People, Contributions to Legal Folklore, (Festschrift Karl Siegismund Kramer), Berlin 1976, pp. 162–165