Schenute from Atripe

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Schenute, wall painting, Egypt, probably 7th century

Shenoute (also: Shenouda, Schinuda ) (* 348, † 466) was a Coptic early church abbot .

Schenute von Atripe was born around 348 AD. At the age of nine he came to his uncle St. Pigol (also Bigul), the abbot of the White Monastery (Arabic Dayr Anbā Šinūda / ad-Dayr al-Abyad) south of Sohag in Upper Egypt . According to a vision of the uncle, Schenute received permission to enter the monastery and was elected abbot in 385 (after 387 others) . At that time the monastery consisted of 30 elderly monks. The charismatic and practical Schenute was the first to relax the monastery rules . The reform with a focus on useful applications, such as continuing to practice the profession for the benefit of the community, made the monastery self-sufficient in the long term. He also encouraged his fellow believers to learn to read and write, and to copy books. The surrounding population was also educated, which increased its popularity enormously. In 431 he accompanied Cyril of Alexandria to the Council of Ephesus . Two other monasteries belonged to the Schenute Monastery, one of which was inhabited by nuns. When he died in 466, at the allegedly 118 years of age, the community had grown to over 2,200 monks and nearly 2,000 nuns. Schenute is considered the founder of further monasteries with a total of more than 6000 members and is therefore referred to as the head ( Archimandrite ) of a monastery association.

A Coptic church in ad-Dahar , 7 km north of Hurghada in eastern Egypt , and a monastery in Putty (New South Wales) were named after him . In 2013 a colloquium was held in his honor at the University of Leipzig .

Works

  • Stephen Emmel: Shenoute's Literary Corpus . Peeters, Leuven 2004 (also dissertation, Yale University 1993).
  1. 2004, ISBN 90-429-1230-8 ( Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium ; 599; Subsidia; 111)
  2. 2004, ISBN 90-429-1231-6 ( Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium ; 600; Subsidia; 112).
  • Hans-Joachim Cristea: Schenute from Atripe: Contra Origenistas. Edition of the Coptic text with annotated translation and indexes including a translation of Theophilus' 16th Easter letter in the version of Hieronymus (ep. 96) (Studies and Texts on Antiquity and Christianity 60). Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 2011. VIII, 387 pp. ISBN 978-3-16-150598-0
  • Wolfgang Kosack : Schenute by Atripe De judicio finale. Papyrus Code 63000.IV in the Museo Egizio di Torino. Introduction, text editing and translation edited by Wolfgang Kosack. Berlin 2013, Verlag Brunner Christoph, ISBN 978-3-9524018-5-9 .
  • Wolfgang Kosack : Shenoute of Atripe De vita christiana: M 604 Pierpont-Morgan-Library New York / Ms. OR 12689 British Library / London and Ms. Clarendon Press b. 4, Frg. Bodleian Library / Oxford. Introduction, edition of the text and translation into German by Wolfgang Kosack. Verlag Christoph Brunner, Basel 2013, ISBN 978-3-906206-00-4 .

literature

  • Johannes Leipoldt : Schenute von Atripe and the emergence of the national-Egyptian Christianity . Hinrichs Verlag, Leipzig 1904 (also dissertation, University of Leipzig 1904).
  • Stephen Emmel: From the other Side of the Nile. Shenute and Panopolis . In: Arno Egberts, Brian P. Muhs, Jacques van der Vliet (eds.): Perspectives on Panopolis . Brill, Leiden 2002, ISBN 90-04-11753-9 , pp. 95-113 (with lit.)
  • Nina Lubomierski: The Vita Sinuthii. History of form and transmission of the hagiographic texts about Schenute the Archimandrites (Studies and Texts on Antiquity and Christianity 45). Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 2007. XI, 309 pp. ISBN 978-3-16-149297-6

supporting documents

  1. ^ Colloquium on Greek and Coptic in the work of an Egyptian abbot