Battle of Karnal
The Battle of Karnal was held on February 13, 1739 between the victorious forces of Nadir Shah and the armed forces of the Grand Mogul Muhammad Shah in Karnal instead. Nadir Shah won primarily because of his modernized artillery: the units of small cannons ( zamburak ) mounted on camels and the batteries of well-drilled musketeers had nothing to oppose the Mughal army, although both weapons were theoretically known to them. In particular, Nadir Shah succeeded in convincing important Mughal generals to attack and to let their units run into musket fire.
After the victory, Nadir Shah moved with his prisoner Muhammad Shah on March 11, 1739 into Delhi , immediately south of the battle site , which his soldiers looted. There the royal treasure fell into the hands of the victor, which Nadir Shah took with him to Persia. The Iranian crown jewels , including the diamonds Koh-i-Noor and Darya-ye Noor , formed part of this treasure . Nadir Shah also took the peacock throne with him from Delhi. The troops left Delhi in early May 1739 and took numerous other treasures such as camels, elephants and horses with them.
literature
- Edward Cust, Annals of the wars of the eighteenth century , Gilbert & Rivington Printers: London, 1862
- R. Ernest Dupuy and Trevor N. Dupuy , The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History , 4th Edition, Harper Collins Publishers, 1993