Klein Öls Castle
Klein Öls Castle ( Polish Pałac w Oleśnicy Małej ) is a castle in Oleśnica Mała (German Klein Öls ) in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship in Poland.
history
Presumably, today's complex goes back to a moated castle that was built under Duke Boleslaw I as a hunting seat. From 1193 the place was in the tenth possession of the Breslau sand pen. Presumably at the request of Hedwig von Andechs , who was later canonized , the Knights Templar settled in Klein Öls. After its dissolution in 1312, the estate was handed over to the Order of St. John . Its coming was the largest in Silesia at the time .
With the construction of the three-storey west wing and the south wing, the former hunting lodge was converted into a three-wing complex. The gap between the west and north wings was closed in 1711 with a two-story building.
With the secularization in 1810, the castle fell to the Prussian state, which gave the castle to the later General Field Marshal Ludwig Yorck von Wartenburg . He had a library set up and the complex expanded on the east side with a connecting structure. In 1904 a neo-baroque staircase was built on an elliptical floor plan, accented with a risalit, the Sophien tower and flanking column colonnades with arbor .
The surrounding landscape park in its present form dates back to the 19th century. The garden was described as a fruit and pheasant garden in an Urbarium as early as 1678 . The mausoleum of Count Yorck von Wartenberg, designed by Carl Ferdinand Langhans , is located in the park . A bronze cast of Field Marshal Ludwig Yorck von Wartenberg, created by the Dresden sculptor Christian Daniel Rauch , was set up next to the mausoleum in 1864 .
The last German owner was Paul Graf Yorck von Wartenburg , brother of Peter Graf Yorck von Wartenburg, who was executed after the Hitler attack . Paul was taken into kin custody and his property confiscated. The library with 120,000 volumes had already been brought to Bad Warmbrunn . It has been in various Polish libraries since the end of the war in 1945. A plant nursery was later housed in the castle.
Building
The oldest part of the complex is the north wing, built in 1593, which was rebuilt in 1642 after being destroyed in the Thirty Years War. The castle church, marked on the outside by a tower with a Welsch dome, is particularly noteworthy as a hall building vaulted with a stitch cap and an acanthus main altar from the 18th century.
literature
- Arne Franke (Hrsg.): Small cultural history of the Silesian castles . tape 1 . Bergstadtverlag Wilhelm Gottlieb Korn, 2015, p. 204-205 .
- Hugo Weczerka (Hrsg.): Handbook of the historical places . Volume: Silesia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 316). Kröner, Stuttgart 1977, ISBN 3-520-31601-3 , p. 228 f.
- Dehio Handbook of Art Monuments in Poland: Silesia. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-422-03109-X , p. 995 f.
Web links
Coordinates: 50 ° 50 ′ 30.1 ″ N , 17 ° 16 ′ 35 ″ E