Shot money

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Schröter at work
( Nuremberg house books 1515)

As a meal money (also shot wages , Schrotakzise ) was formerly known cases an application in the commercial sector output. On the one hand, this was a wage for the miller or Schröter , but in some cases also had the character of a tax-like city tax ( excise ).

Types and collection of shot money

Grist money in the milling

In the mills it was customary to ask for a meal in exchange for the crushing of the grain (meal wage). This had to be paid for by the grinding customer depending on the amount to be ground, the amount being specified in the grinding orders. The shot money was also part of the wages for the miller and his servants. In 1643 it was customary for the Viennese millers to pay an annual wage, which also included free board and lodging and a meal for every courage of wheat as well as an amount of four kreuzers from the “schaiden”. This could also be paid out weekly or monthly if desired.

Grist money in the beer and wine trade

In numerous cities and municipalities, a tax-like levy was named for shot money, which was incurred when grinding (loading) barrels. This partly served to pay the workers involved in the storage and retrieval of beer and wine barrels (Schröter), but was also collected to cover additional costs or as a municipal tax for import and export. Sometimes the designation loading money , Schrötergeld , Schrotlohn or Schrotakzise was also used .

The payment of shot money u. a. in the Main - Spessart area. The incumbent Schrötern there not only the transport of wine barrels from cellar to cellar or on ships and cars, but also the oaks of Butten using a Eichmaßsteins. A “ Karlstadter bucket” contained approx. 73 liters and was a binding standard for buyers and sellers until 1830. The Schröter were paid for their work with the shot money.

In Rüdesheim am Rhein there was a Schröterordnung issued by the local council, which also precisely regulated the collection of shot money. According to this, the scraper master had to collect the scrap money from the merchants immediately after grinding. The billing was done by scratching on a slate , which was used to calculate the shot wages at the end of the day. The Schrötern were forbidden to drink the wages they received straight away; they had to carry it home first.

Shot money was not only collected for wine, but also for beer and grain. In 1715, the city council of Nordhausen issued a new tax called shot money. This replaced the bubble rate previously levied by grain producers. In some cities, such as Dresden, there was a separate shot office for collecting and managing shot money. This was first mentioned in a document in 1433 as beer grist . In 1457, the administrator of this council office held the title of amtmann des beer grinds and was responsible for the grist money due to the city. These had to be paid for when the beer and wine were grinded in and out in the citizens' cellars or when beer was sold in the surrounding area.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Reinhold Reith : Wages and Performance: Wage Forms in Trade 1450-1900 . In: Vierteljahrschrift für Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte , edition 151, Franz Steiner Verlag, 1999, ISBN 978-3-515-07512-1 , p. 271.
  2. ↑ Butten calibrate like in the Middle Ages . In: Main-Post from October 10, 2010 online ( Memento from February 23, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) - accessed on February 14, 2014
  3. ^ Rolf Göttert: Notes from the city archive, contributions to the history of the city of Rüdesheim . Verwaltungsportal.de (PDF)
  4. ^ History of the Nordhausen distillery trade and Nordbrand Nordhausen GmbH . ( Memento of the original from April 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. nordbrand-nordhausen.de @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.nordbrand-nordhausen.de
  5. ^ Otto Richter: Constitutional and administrative history of the city of Dresden . Volume 1. Verlag W. Baensch, Dresden 1885, p. 125