Schwab Tunnel
| Schwab Tunnel | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
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| Official name | Schwabstrasse tunnel | |||
| use | Motor vehicles, pedestrians | |||
| place | Stuttgart | |||
| length | 125 m | |||
| Number of tubes | 1 | |||
| cross-section | U-shaped | |||
| Largest coverage | Hasenberg | |||
| construction | ||||
| Client | City of Stuttgart | |||
| building-costs | 289,000 marks | |||
| start of building | 1894 | |||
| completion | 1896 | |||
| business | ||||
| operator | City of Stuttgart | |||
| location | ||||
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| Coordinates | ||||
| North portal | 48 ° 46 '3 " N , 9 ° 9' 37" E | |||
| South portal | 48 ° 46 ′ 0 " N , 9 ° 9 ′ 39" E | |||
Map with all coordinates: The Schwab Tunnel (officially: Schwabstrasse Tunnel ) is a 125 meter long road tunnel in Stuttgart . It is a listed building .
Geographical location
The tunnel crosses under the Hasenberg and with it both the Wannenstrasse and the Hasenbergsteige . It connects Schwabstrasse in the west of Stuttgart with Schickhardtstrasse in the south of Stuttgart.
Surname
The Schwab Tunnel and Schwabstrasse are named after the Stuttgart pastor, poet, publicist and editor Gustav Schwab (1792–1850).
history
In the second half of the 19th century, the population of Stuttgart more than tripled from 50,000 to 176,000. Due to the basin location, the core city could no longer expand and suburbs emerged outside the basin. So the Karlsvorstadt ( Stuttgart-Heslach ), where mostly workers lived, should be connected with the west of Stuttgart, an industrial location. In between is the Hasenberg.
The tunnel was built from 1894 to 1896 under city building officer Carl Kölle. The construction costs amounted to 289,000 marks . It was opened on June 29, 1896 and at that time it was the widest road tunnel in Europe - the tram had already been planned - and after the Salzburg Sigmundstor the second inner-city tunnel in continental Europe. It is also the first tunnel in the world that an automobile has ever driven through, in 1900.
In the period from December 4, 1902 to May 9, 1972, the Schwab Tunnel was also used by the Stuttgart tram, initially with one track and later with two tracks . This made the Stuttgart Schwab tunnel one of the first tram tunnels in the world. The lines changed. First it was the “Ringlinie”, which was renamed “Line 6” in the summer of 1910, and finally line 8. The suspension hooks on the overhead tram line on the tunnel walls are a reminder of this era to this day. In 1972, line 8 was replaced by bus line 42, which still runs through the tunnel today. The tram service through the Schwab Tunnel was stopped at that time.
During the Second World War , the tunnel portals were largely walled up and wooden stands were erected in the tunnel, so that the tunnel became an air raid shelter for 2000 people. The dismantling of the air defense facilities lasted until June 1946.
Building
The tunnel is 10.5 m wide and 8.5 m high. Today, two lanes (one in each direction) run through the tunnel, as well as a walkway separated by concrete slabs to the right and left of the two lanes . Both tunnel entrances are flanked by staircases, which are designed with an arcade motif facing the street : the arches are made of sandstone and filled with masonry made of large, irregular granite blocks .
The keystones of both tunnel portals are designed as lions' heads, above is the year 1896. Above them there is another sculptural work by Theodor Bausch : On the Heslach side is shown as an allegorical group of figures "Stuttgart", on the Stuttgart side there is a balcony on the front of which the heraldic animal of Stuttgart , a jumping horse, is shown in a cartouche . The tunnel was lined with around a million bricks .
The Schwab Tunnel is a cultural monument according to the law for the protection of cultural monuments of the state of Baden-Württemberg .
Receipt
Today the tunnel is heavily loaded by traffic. Planned for horse-drawn carts, pedestrians and trams, it is now used by 15,000 to 20,000 vehicles every day. Vibration, exhaust fumes and salty spray water brought in in winter attack the building fabric. The tunnel will therefore be renovated in 2019–2021. It was suggested - among others by the VCD - to limit the tunnel to non-motorized traffic again.
literature
- NN: The Schwab Tunnel in Stuttgart . In: Denkmalstiftung Baden-Württemberg : Denkmalstimme 1 (2019), pp. 1–4.
Remarks
- ↑ For example, the Spreetunnel Stralau – Treptow from 1899 in Berlin is older .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Schwabtunnel on: stuttgart.de. Retrieved March 24, 2019.
- ^ NN: The Schwab Tunnel in Stuttgart , p. 1.
- ^ NN: The Schwab Tunnel in Stuttgart , p. 1.
- ↑ Der Teckbote-Südwestpresse, edition of September 3, 2016, p. 30.
- ^ NN: Schwab Tunnel. The engineering milestone is 120 years old . On: stuttgart.de. Retrieved March 24, 2019.
- ↑ Schwabtunnel on: stuttgart.de. Retrieved March 24, 2019.
- ^ Stuttgart to go - A walking book by Patrick Mikolaj, local part publisher.
- ^ NN: The Schwab Tunnel in Stuttgart , p. 4.
- ↑ Kathrin Wesely: Anniversary: The Schwab Tunnel a serenade. In: stuttgarter-zeitung.de. August 27, 2016, accessed March 30, 2018 .
- ^ NN: The Schwab Tunnel in Stuttgart , p. 4.
- ↑ So: NN: Schwabtunnel. The engineering milestone is 120 years old . On: stuttgart.de. Retrieved March 24, 2019.
- ↑ Schwabtunnel on: stuttgart.de. Retrieved March 24, 2019.
- ^ NN: The Schwab Tunnel in Stuttgart , p. 3.
- ^ NN: The Schwab Tunnel in Stuttgart , p. 3.
- ^ NN: The Schwab Tunnel in Stuttgart , p. 1.
- ↑ So: NN: Schwabtunnel. The engineering milestone is 120 years old . On: stuttgart.de. Retrieved March 24, 2019.
- ↑ So: NN: The Schwab Tunnel in Stuttgart , p. 4.
- ^ NN: The Schwab Tunnel in Stuttgart , p. 4.
- ^ NN: The Schwab Tunnel in Stuttgart , p. 2.
- ^ NN: The Schwab Tunnel in Stuttgart , p. 4.