Schweidrich
| Schweidrich | ||
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 The Schweidrich copper mine |
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| height | 457 m nm | |
| location | Czech Republic | |
| Mountains | Lusatian highlands | |
| Coordinates | 50 ° 59 ′ 0 ″ N , 14 ° 27 ′ 20 ″ E | |
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The Schweidrich (Czech rarely Švajdrich ) ( 457 m ), also called Grohmannhöhe (Czech Grohmanova výšina ) and Wilder Mann Mountain (Czech Kopec divého muže ) is a mountain in the Czech Republic . It is located two kilometers south of the city center of Schluckenau ( Šluknov ) in the Czech part of the Lusatian Mountains ( Šluknovská pahorkatina ). Since the late Middle Ages , it has been one of the centers of Schluckenau mining alongside the Pirsken. Developed at the end of the 19th century with a lookout tower and an inn, until the First World War, along with Bad Karlthal, the Schweidrich was the main destination for Schluckenau citizens. The network of hiking trails over the mountain that existed until after the Second World War is no longer available today.
geography
The wooded hilltop rises in the 62 hectare Schluckenau city forest ( Schweidrichwald ) and falls to the east to the Karltal ( Karlovo údolí ) through which the Kunnersdorfer Bach ( Kunratický potok ) flows . The Schweidrichbach ( Mlčící potok ) rises on the northern slope . The Schweidrich is surrounded in the north by Kreuzberg ( Křížový vrch ), in the northeast by Karlthal ( Karlovo údolí ), in the southeast by the Kümpfelmühle ( Čítkův mlýn ), in the south by Neukunnersdorf ( Nové Kunratice ) and in the southwest by Kunnersdorf ( Kunratice )
The Wolfsberg ( Vlčice , 512 m ) rises to the southeast, the Lichtenberg ( Ptačí vrch , 561 m ) to the south and the Pirskenberg ( Hrazený , 610 m ) to the southwest .
description
Today there are no more roads to the Schweidrich, which offers no view. On the summit there are rocky cliffs in which the remains of the fortification of the observation tower can still be seen. Today an unmarked path leads only over the saddle at the Richter monument.
The Rudolf Richter Monument stands on the site of the former inn. It consists of a carved rock stele with an oval polished plaque with the inscription "RR 1914–1918". Rock bridges are piled up around the stele. After the First World War, it was built by the family and friends of Richter, who had been missing on the Russian front since October 1915, where his favorite pub had once been.
The former Schweidrich mine is located on the eastern slope in the valley of the Kunnersdorf stream. On the northern slope there is a cave that is no longer accessible today ( Jeskyně U Patologa ). The Kunnersdorf educational trail runs around the Schweidrich.
history
The area around Schweidrich was already populated by people in the early days, in 1888 the tenant of the Karlsthal Schütze excursion restaurant found a stone ax 14.5 cm long and 53.4 cm wide with a diameter of 2 cm while working on the shaft at a depth of one meter.
The copper mine was probably started in the 15th century. The salt road from Schluckenau to Rumburg led through the valley of the Kunnersdorf stream ; after the New Prague Way was laid, it lost its importance and was called the Old Prague Way. North of the Schweidrich was the Schluckenau execution site, the meadows were then called "Galgenwiesen".
When the Prussians returned to Schluckenau during the German War in 1866, the citizens hid their valuables in the mine at Schweidrich.
In 1886, the local councilor Franz Grohmann had a wooden observation tower built on the Schweidrich summit. The wooden excursion inn "Schweidrich" was built on the plateau north of the summit. In memory of Grohmann, who died in 1892 at the age of 32, the summit was given the name Grohmannhöhe . The observation tower stood on the mountain until 1916. With the loss of the tower, the Schweidrich summit lost its attraction for day trippers. The “Schweidrich” inn was not reopened after the First World War. The Rudolf Richter monument was erected on the site of the former inn. A path led from the north to the cave.
Between 1871 and 1873 there was a residential camp northeast of the Schweidrich in the valley of the Kunnersdorfer Bach for the Italians employed in the construction of the Rumburg-Schluckenau railway line . In 1886 a businessman bought the former barracks camp and in 1887 opened the Karlthal Inn in its place. A spa park with pavilions, fountains, gondola pond and forest theater was soon built around the well-frequented excursion restaurant - and the location was named "Bad Karlthal". In 1912 the town of Schluckenau acquired the Karlthal Inn and had it replaced by a large hotel with a terrace and dance hall after the First World War. With the Second World War, the summer resort in Karlthal came to an end, the former hotel is now vacant and is becoming increasingly dilapidated.
The hunt for the wild man
The legend of the Wild Man of Schluckenau is associated with Schweidrich .
According to this, the Tollenstein castle administrator Knaut , who was rejected by a chambermaid, is said to have avenged himself by stealing valuable jewelry from the castle woman. After Knaut had also failed to obtain her favor by force, he decided to murder her in the dungeon. In doing so, she managed to escape from the castle to the woods near Schluckenau, where she found a craftsperson whom she later married.
A few years later, reports spread that a wild man wrapped in animal skins was living in the Schluckenau forests with a large wooden club, who was said to have been assaulted and murdered numerous times. In one day he is said to have killed three adults and four children.
One day the former chambermaid with her little son was waiting in front of the city wall for her husband to return when the Wild Man jumped out of the bushes, grabbed the child and carried it off into the forest. The mother put him in a clearing where he was about to kill her son. In doing so, she recognized in the Wild Man her old tormentor Knaut, who had fled from Tollenstein Castle after his embezzlement and intrigues had been exposed. With the help of a few lumberjacks who had rushed over to hear the mother's screams, the Wild Man was put to flight. The forest workers escorted mother and son into town, where at that time Mr. Berka von der Duba was visiting with his hunters.
A little later, the hunting party, together with armed citizens, set out to hunt the Wild Man, who was finally tracked down by the dogs and captured. As a thank you for the courage of the lumberjacks and the Schluckenau citizens in securing the long wanted criminal, Mr. Berka von der Duba donated the forest with the mountain on which the Wilde Mann was found. This mountain was later called "Wild Man's Mountain".
Delighted at the capture of a long-sought criminal and as proof of the recognition of the courage of the loggers and townspeople of Sluknov, he gave the town the adjoining forest with the mountain, later called the Wild Man's Mountain.
The legend formed the basis for the annual carnival in Schluckenau, the hunt for the wild man . At the fertility festival, the crowd chased a hooded wild man through several streets until he fell on a pre-tensioned rope. When caught, the executioner pierced with his sword a bladder tied around the Wild Man's body and filled with blood, causing a torrent of blood to pour onto the ground. Then the "killed" Wilde Mann was - depending on the weather - transported away with a sledge or on a stretcher. The next day, the carnival was buried by drowning a straw doll modeled after the Wild Man in the boxing pond.
Today only the field name "U divého muže" has been retained for the forest on the northern Schweidrichhang.
literature
- The wild man from Schluckenau . Publishing house Josef Löschau. around 1870
- Northernmost Bohemia , Liberecké Tiskárny, Liberec 1995
- Jaroslav Rydval: Šluknovsko 1898 , ( available online)