Rumburk – Sebnitz railway line
Rumburk – Sebnitz (Sachs) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Route number (DB) : | 6666 (Sebnitz border – Sebnitz) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Course book series (SŽDC) : | 083 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Route length: | 27.114 km | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Top speed: | 60 km / h | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The Rumburk – Sebnitz railway is a regional railway connection in the Czech Republic and Saxony , which was originally built and operated by the kk privileged Bohemian Northern Railway (BNB). The route runs in the Bohemian Netherlands from Rumburk (Rumburg) via Šluknov (Schluckenau) and Dolní Poustevna (Nieder Einsiedel) to Sebnitz . The cross-border section between Dolní Poustevna and Sebnitz was interrupted from 1945 to 2013. Cross-border traffic was resumed on July 5, 2014.
According to a decree of the Czech government, the line has been classified as a regional railway ("regionální dráha") since December 20, 1995.
history
Prehistory and construction
The first plans for a railway line via Schluckenau originated in 1870, when the Royal Saxon State Railways planned the construction of a main line from Bad Schandau via Sebnitz, Schluckenau to Bautzen . On July 17, 1871, the Austrian government granted the BNB the concession for the “Rumburg – Schluckenau railway line, possibly with the continuation towards Bautzen” . The route from Schluckenau to the state border (in the direction of Bautzen) should, however, only begin after a state treaty with Saxony has been signed. Part of the concession was also the obligation to build a Locomotiv wing runway from Schluckenau to Wölmsdorf after “establishing the connection between their lines in the direction of Zittau, Löbau and Bautzen” . This license was issued for a period of 90 years after the license was granted.
The Kingdom of Saxony wanted to approve a Schluckenau – Bautzen route only at the same time as the Schluckenau – Schandau connection. However, the BNB showed no interest in a continuous connection from the Elbe Valley to Upper Lusatia , which would have been in direct competition with its own main route from Prague to Georgswalde / Ebersbach . Since no agreement with Austria was reached, the Royal Saxon State Railways built the Bautzen – Bad Schandau railway between 1873 and 1877 without touching Austrian territory.
The BNB opened the line from Rumburg to Schluckenau on January 8, 1873, the continuation of this line towards the state border (towards Bautzen) was not carried out. More than ten years should therefore pass before the line was continued in accordance with the concession towards Wölmsdorf (Nixdorf station; today: Mikulášovice dolní nádraží). On December 14, 1884 the Schluckenau – Nixdorf section was opened.
Continuation to Saxony
The basis for the extension of the line to Saxony was a state treaty between Austria-Hungary and Saxony dated November 27, 1898. It came into force in Vienna on January 25, 1899 when the ratification documents were exchanged. He determined that the concession for the construction of the Nixdorf – Sebnitz line should be transferred to the BNB. The line was then scheduled to go into operation within two years. The Sebnitz station was designated as the changing station ( border station ) between the railway administrations, and Nieder Einsiedel was intended to be the seat of the border customs office. The subject of the contract was also the possible construction of the railway connection from Schluckenau to Sohland, which Saxony had long wanted . The Austrian government promised to grant the concession to a private company or to carry it out on the account of the state. However, a specific implementation period was not agreed.
The BNB received the concession for the local railway to the Reich border near Nieder-Einsiedel on February 9, 1903. The duration of the concession was set at 90 years from the day the concession was granted.
On November 15, 1904, traffic to the Nieder Einsiedel border station began. Seven months later - on June 14, 1905 - the first trains ran to Sebnitz.
business
After the nationalization of the BNB, the line was transferred to the kk Staatsbahnen (kkStB) on January 1, 1908 . In 1912, the timetable indicated six pairs of trains between Rumburg and Nieder Einsiedel, five of which continued to Sebnitz. Another train only ran between Rumburg and Schluckenau. The trains took a little more than an hour and a half for the 30-kilometer route. In cross-border freight traffic, in addition to agricultural products, coal was mainly transported. In passenger transport, the cross-border trains were mainly used by the residents of the Bohemian Netherlands who went to work in Saxony or were business travelers.
After the collapse of Austria-Hungary in October 1918, the route was transferred to the newly founded Czechoslovak State Railways (ČSD).
After the Sudetenland was annexed to Germany in autumn 1938, the line came to the Deutsche Reichsbahn , Reichsbahndirektion Dresden . The route was initially listed in the Reich curriculum under the number 135t, later under the number 165g. On the afternoon of May 8, 1945 the last train ran from Rumburg to Sebnitz, then the train traffic came to a standstill as a result of the fighting.
After the end of the Second World War in May 1945, the line came back to the ČSD. The first post-war timetable of the ČSD from 1945 recorded six pairs of passenger trains between Rumburk and Dolni Poustevna, all of which were run as motorized trains. The connection of some trains to and from Prague, which was customary until 1938, as well as the cross-border traffic to Sebnitz were not resumed.
In 1948 a freight wagon escaped in Dolni Poustevna and was only stopped at the Goßdorf-Kohlmühle station on the Bautzen – Bad Schandau line . The return of the car by a ČSD locomotive was presumably the last train journey before the cross-border line was restarted in 2014. Shortly afterwards, the ČSD created a 72-meter-long gap in the national border to rule out similar incidents in the future. On the German side, the track remained unused.
A turning point was the expulsion of the German-Bohemian population in the railway area in 1945 and 1946. Since resettlement with Czechs was only possible to a limited extent, the transport performance sank to a fraction of the pre-war value. As a result of the closure of industrial companies, the importance of freight transport also declined. From now on, the largest goods customer is the quarry on Partizánský vrch (Botzenberg) near Šluknov, which has its own connecting railway.
On January 1, 1993, the line was transferred to the newly founded České dráhy (ČD) in the course of the dissolution of Czechoslovakia . Since 2003 it has been part of the network of the state infrastructure operator Správa železniční dopravní cesty (SŽDC).
In 1997, there was a threat that rail operations would end for the first time. A takeover of the route by a private operator, which was planned at the time, did not materialize, however.
The 2006/2007 timetable recorded eleven pairs of passenger trains on working days, which ran every two hours. Since December 11, 2011, some express trains on the Kolín – Rumburk route to Šluknov have been connected.
Restoration of the cross-border connection after 1990
In the years after 1990, especially for tourist traffic, a rebuilding of the cross-border route was repeatedly requested. After the Czech Republic joined the European Union on May 1, 2004, these efforts were intensified again. The forecast was a traffic volume of 700 passengers a day. However, it was to take until 2006 for the reconstruction between Okres Děčín , ČD and the Upper Elbe Transport Association to be contractually agreed. In addition to the renewal of the remaining track, it was necessary to replace a new railway overpass and to convert the track plan and the platform systems at Sebnitz station.
On November 4, 2011, Deutsche Bahn AG confirmed that the route construction will be financed with federal funds amounting to 2.5 million euros. On July 19, 2012, the construction and financing contract was signed by representatives of DB Netz AG and the Verkehrsverbund Oberelbe, with DB Netz AG forecasting completion by July 2014 at the latest. The conclusion of the contract had been delayed, among other things, due to negotiations about the duration of the order of transport services guaranteed by the Verkehrsverbund Oberelbe. In February 2013, DB Netz did not expect cross-border traffic to start until August 31, 2014 at the earliest, provided that the VVO ordered the transport service.
With a symbolic groundbreaking ceremony on April 3, 2013, DB Netz officially began construction work on the German side. The bridge over Blumenstrasse in Sebnitz was built by August 2013, after which the track between the state border and the Sebnitz train station was relocated. On September 13, 2013 the gap was closed. The Verkehrsverbund Oberelbe tendered the cross-border transport service on December 18, 2013. After installing the radio and signaling technology, the route was completed in June 2014. The total investment costs in connection with closing the gap came to around 3 million euros on the German side alone.
On the Czech side, the route operator SŽDC had already carried out all the construction work on tracks and systems necessary to close the gap in 2009. A total of 80 million CZK was invested in the new construction of the platform in Dolni Poustevna and a thorough track renewal .
On July 4, 2014, the new rail connection was opened with a ceremony in Sebnitz. A special train drove from Sebnitz to Dolni Poustevna and back. The scheduled train service started on July 5, 2014. Since then, passenger trains on the Rumburk - Sebnitz - Bad Schandau - Děčín route have been running every two hours as the U28 line .
After one year of operation of the U28 line, the Oberelbe transport association drew a predominantly positive conclusion. The trains are particularly busy on weekends and public holidays. On average, 470 passengers passed the border in Sebnitz every day from July 2014 to May 2015, which corresponds to around 30 passengers per train.
In 2020 Správa železnic plans to renew the Wölmsdorf viaduct between Mikulášovice dolní nádraží and the Vilémov u Šluknova stop. During a three-month total closure from September 1, 2020, the steel superstructures are to be renewed and the masonry pillars renovated. The aim is to use the same technology as in the years 2018 and 2019 for the rehabilitation of the bridge over the dam Hracholusky the railway Pňovany-Bezdružice was first applied. The cost of the renovation is given as 217 million crowns after the order is placed. They are 44 million crowns higher than originally estimated.
Route description
Operating points
- Rumburk
The Rumburk station (until 1945 German: Rumburg) was put into operation in 1869 as the provisional end point of the line from Bakov nad Jizerou . With the construction of the lines to Šluknov and Ebersbach in Saxony (1873) and to Mikulášovice (1902), Rumburk became a regional railway junction that was particularly important in cross-border north-south freight traffic. Rumburk is a border station in traffic with Germany.
- Šluknov
The Šluknov station (until 1945 German: Schluckenau) was put into operation in 1873 as a provisional line end point. Its location was chosen so that it would have been possible to continue the route through the Spreetal towards Sohland and Bautzen without any problems.
- Mikulášovice dolní nádraží
The station Mikulášovice dolní nádraží (until 1945 German: Nieder Nixdorf / Nixdorf unt Bf) was the provisional route end point from 1884 to 1904. Since 1902 the former North Bohemian Industrial Railway has been flowing, which has built its own facilities with a reception building and boiler house on the south side of the station. Mikulášovice dolní nádraží is now the seat of the dispatcher responsible for train control on both lines.
- Dolní Poustevna
Dolní Poustevna station (German: Nieder Einsiedel until 1945) has existed since the line opened. The once extensive facilities of the station were mainly used for customs clearance in traffic with Germany until 1938. After there was no longer any cross-border traffic from 1945, the largely unused facilities were in a progressive decline. The tracks and the remaining platform were renewed in 2009.
- Sebnitz (Sachs)
The Sebnitz (Sachs) station is the connecting station to the Bautzen – Bad Schandau railway line in Saxony. In cross-border traffic, passport controls took place in Sebnitz.
1913 | 1921 | 1925 | 1942 | 1946 | 1949 |
Rumburg | Rumburk Rumburg |
Rumburk Rumburg |
Rumburg | Rumburk | Rumburk |
Waldeck | Waldeck | Valdek Waldeck |
Waldeck | Valdek | Valdek |
- | Karlovice Karlthal |
Karlovo údolí Karlthal |
Karlthal | Karlovo údolí | Karlovo údolí |
Schluckenau | Šluknov Schluckenau |
Šluknov Schluckenau |
Schluckenau | Šluknov | Šluknov |
Kaiserswalde | Kaiserswalde | Kaiserswalde | Kaiserswalde | Kaiserswalde | Cisařský |
- | Velký Šenov z. Gross Schönau H. |
Velký Šenov v Čechách zastávka Großschönau in Bohemia stop |
Großschönau (Böhm) Hp | Velký Šenov zastávka | Velký Šenov zastávka |
Schönau | Velký Šenov Gross Schönau |
Velký Šenov v Čechách Großschönau in Bohemia |
Großschönau (Boehm) | Velký Šenov | Velký Šenov |
Hainspach | Haňšpach Hainspach |
Haňšpach Hainspach |
Hainspach | Haňšpach | Lipová u Šluknova |
Nixdorf | Dolní Mikulášovice Nieder Nixdorf |
Mikulášovice dolní nádraží Nixdorf lower station |
Nixdorf and Bf | Mikulášovice dolní nádraží | Mikulášovice dolní nádraží |
Wolmsdorf | Wolmsdorf | Wolmsdorf | Wolmsdorf | Wolmsdorf | Vilémov u Šluknova |
Upper Einsiedel | Horní Einsidl Ober Einsiedel |
Horní Poustevna Ober Einsiedel |
Upper Einsiedel | Horní Poustevna | Horní Poustevna |
Lower Einsiedel | Dolní Einsidl Nieder Einsiedel |
Dolní Poustevna Lower Einsiedel |
Lower Einsiedel | Dolní Poustevna | Dolní Poustevna |
Vehicle use
From May 1, 1932, the Tatra tower cars of the ČSD class M 120.4 were used as well as on other local ČSD railways . The use of railcars of the ČSD series M 242.0 at the end of the 1930s is also documented .
After the Second World War, the now outdated tower cars were replaced by the new M 131.1 class . Since the 1980s, the railcars of the 810 series (ČSD series M 152.0) and their modernized version of the ČD series 814 "Regionova", which had been in service from the end of the 1970s, were used in passenger traffic .
On the U28 line (Rumburk - Sebnitz - Bad Schandau - Děčín hl. N.), Low-floor railcars of the DB class 642 (Siemens Desiro) from DB Regio have been operating since July 2014 . Individual services in inland traffic between Dolní Poustevna and Rumburk are operated by a ČD class 844 “RegioShark” railcar .
See also
literature
- Erich Preuß , Reiner Preuß : Saxon State Railways. transpress Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Berlin 1991, ISBN 3-344-70700-0 .
Web links
- Route 083: Rumburk – Dolní Poustevna on www.zelpage.cz
- Data on the route on www.sachsenschiene.de
- Timetable 2019
Individual evidence
- ^ Zdeněk Hudec et al: Atlas drah České republiky 2006–2007. 2nd Edition. Pavel Malkus Publishing House, Prague 2006, ISBN 80-87047-00-1 .
- ↑ Decree of the Czech government of December 20, 1995
- ↑ Reichsgesetzblatt for the kingdoms and states represented in the Reichsrathe from August 5, 1871
- ^ State treaty between Austria-Hungary and Saxony, concerning several railway connections on the Austrian-Saxon state border from March 14, 1885
- ↑ Reichsgesetzblatt for the kingdoms and states represented in the Reichsrat from February 19, 1903
- ↑ 1912 timetable of the kkStB - valid from May 1, 1912.
- ^ Ulrich Rockelmann: Rails between Bohemia and Saxony. In: German Society for Railway History eV (Ed.): Yearbook for Railway History 2006/2007 (Volume 38). DGEG Medien GmbH, Hövelhof 2006, ISBN 3-937189-21-1 , p. 50.
- ↑ Miroslav Jelen: Zrušené železniční tratě v Čechách, na Moravě a ve Slezsku .; Dokořán, Praha 2009, ISBN 978-80-7363-129-1 , p. 127.
- ^ Reich course book summer 1939
- ^ German course book, annual timetable 1944/45 - valid from July 3, 1944 until further notice
- ^ 1945 timetable of the ČSD
- ↑ Information on www.nationalparkbahn.de ( Memento of the original from July 8, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ ČD 2012 annual timetable - valid from December 11, 2011.
- ↑ Freie Presse Chemnitz from February 14, 2011 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Sebnitz and Dolní Poustevna are connected - the Z-VOE board of directors decides to close the gap. (PDF; 89 kB) (No longer available online.) July 19, 2012, archived from the original on December 20, 2013 ; Retrieved July 20, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Sächsische Zeitung, Dresden edition, November 5, 2011.
- ↑ How the train starts rolling. (No longer available online.) February 18, 2013, formerly in the original ; Retrieved August 8, 2010 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Sächsische Zeitung , Dresden edition of April 5, 2013, p. 12.
- ↑ Order announcement 2013 / S 245-426867 Germany-Dresden: Public rail transport / public rail transport in TED
- ↑ Closing the gap after 58 years - last track between Sebnitz and Dolni Poustevna. (No longer available online.) September 16, 2013, archived from the original on September 21, 2013 ; accessed on June 8, 2016 .
- ↑ Free travel for the National Park Railway - official inauguration of the Dolní Poustevna – Sebnitz rail connection. (PDF; 184 kB) July 4, 2014, accessed on July 5, 2014 .
- ^ Václav Rubeš: Severočeské místní tratě doufají, že přijde jejich comeback. October 11, 2012, accessed July 10, 2014 (Czech).
- ↑ Information on www.sebnitztalbahn.de
- ↑ ČD timetable - valid from 5 July 2014 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Press release of the VVO from July 2, 2015
- ↑ "SŽDC chystá nákladnou opravu viaduktu ve Vilémově, bude mít novou konstrukcí" on zdopravy.cz
- ↑ "Vilémovský most dostane novou konstrukcí. Bude oproti předpokladům o čtvrtinu dražší “on zdopravy.cz
- ↑ Artaria railway map of Austria-Hungary and the Balkans , with Station Directory; Artaria & Co., Vienna 1913.
- ↑ ČSD summer timetable 1921
- ↑ Summer timetable 1925 of the ČSD
- ^ Winter timetable 1941/42 of the DR - valid from October 6, 1941.
- ↑ ČSD winter timetable 1945/46
- ↑ ČSD summer timetable 1949
- ↑ Sebnitz and Dolní Poustevna celebrate on July 4th - New train connection from Rumburk via Bad Schandau to Děčín. (PDF; 107 kB) Verkehrsverbund Oberelbe (VVO), April 2, 2014, accessed on April 5, 2014 .