Canvas
A sailcloth (plural: -cloth ), canvas or sailcloth , also known as "the cloth " in the nautical language , is a dense and tightly woven fabric made of strong yarn .
history
The term sailcloth comes from the historical use in shipping , it means cloth for sails . Originally, fabrics for sailcloth were mostly made from pure hemp and linen , but also from other natural fibers such as wool , nettle fabric and others; cotton was only used from the beginning of the 19th century.
Today's modern sailcloths are almost exclusively made from different man-made fibers , since these do not bind moisture and have a lower weight with the same durability. However, traditionally woven cloths made from natural fibers are still used. These traditional sailcloths are also known under the English names canvas and duck.
Requirements and material
The requirements for sailcloth are due to their use as sails on sailing ships . Important in the manufacture are tensile strength , weatherability , resistance to UV radiation , the form stability and stretchability (expertly: Reck ) and a low weight . Man-made fibers also have advantages over natural fibers in terms of water resistance due to faster drying, longer service life and the slower development of mold stains and mold .
The woven modern canvas receives different properties from the fabric construction, in which, for example, the weft yarns are laid out stronger than the warp yarns . One then speaks of a weft-oriented cloth. After weaving the canvas is finished, i.e. H. coated with a synthetic resin finish. This stabilizes and impregnates the fabric . This equipment increases the diagonal strength significantly.
Good cloths are characterized by narrow spaces between the threads, but the production effort is greater and more expensive. Denser fabrics also need less resin, which is why they are not as stiff and less prone to kinking .
Laminate sails and membrane sails are not "sails" - "cloth", because they are not woven, but glued.
Applications
Due to the high stability, modern sailcloths made of man-made fibers are used not only as ship sails but also for bad weather, sun and privacy protection, tent tarpaulins, truck covers, tarpaulin , beanbags , bags, transport and backpacks and as wings for ultralight aircraft .
Modern sailcloths are also recycled, upcycled and new items are made from them.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b definition of canvas. ( Memento of the original from April 20, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. at boot.de, accessed on April 7, 2016.
- ^ Jenny Bennett: Sailing into the Past: Learning from Replica Ships. Seaforth Publishing, 2009, ISBN 978-1-84832-013-0 , p. 184.
- ↑ Hans-Peter Degischer, Sigrid Lüftl: Lightweight construction: principles, material selection and production variants. John Wiley & Sons, February 28, 2012, ISBN 978-3-527-65986-9 , p. 112.
- ↑ Modern sailing materials. ( Memento of the original from May 9, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on doylesails.com, accessed April 9, 2016.
- ↑ Cooperation forum with exhibition, follow-up report on material, function, design. Bayern Innovativ, Society for Innovation and Knowledge Transfer, accessed on February 10, 2015 .
- ↑ Sail material. (PDF; 623 kB), from diekow-segel.de, accessed on April 10, 2016.
- ↑ Light aircraft with canvas. (PDF; 2.84 MB), from lightwing.ch, accessed on April 11, 2016.
- ↑ What is canvas . On segeltuch-shop.de. Retrieved February 10, 2015.
