Seminoma
| Classification according to ICD-10 | |
|---|---|
| C62 | Malignant neoplasm of the testicle |
| ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019) | |
A seminoma (from the Latin semen “seed”) is a malignant germ cell tumor of the testicle , which has its origin in the degeneration of spermatogonia (germ tissue).
The seminoma occurs a little later - on average in 37-year-old men - than the non -seminoma . A typical early symptom is the painless swelling, usually of a testicle.
treatment
The treatment happens according to the stage . In the early stages, the risk of occult metastasis (i.e. a metastasis that is not yet recognizable despite regular staging examinations) to the regional lymph nodes is around 20%; This means that in one in five patients who were not treated further, the disease recurs in the lymph nodes in the abdomen. Seminomas that are smaller than 4 cm and show no infiltration of the surrounding tissue have a lower risk of metastasis. After the orchiectomy, you can either wait and see, and if the disease recurs, radiation or chemotherapy can be carried out. Since there is a risk of further cancers due to the radiation, it is now usually avoided in mild stages (IA or IB). Other measures in addition to the wait-and-see method include chemotherapy with the drug carboplatin in stages IA and IB. At other stages, other drugs are used or radiation therapy is given. Chemotherapy with carboplatin is now only used in high-risk patients. Chemotherapy lowers the risk of recurrence to about 5% and is usually well tolerated.
As further follow-up measures, an MRI of the abdomen and an X-ray of the chest (chest) in two planes are recommended at different intervals.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ med. Dirk Manski: Testicular tumor (germ cell tumors). In: urologielehrbuch.de. November 14, 2007, accessed November 22, 2015 .
- ↑ med. Dirk Manski: Therapy of testicular tumors: seminomas and general therapy principles. In: urologielehrbuch.de. Retrieved November 22, 2015 .
- ↑ Follow-up recommendations - brief overview. (PDF) (No longer available online.) Interdisciplinary working group testicular tumors, archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; accessed on November 22, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Web links
- Macroscopic image of a seminoma on PathoPic
- Guideline "Extracranial Germ Cell Tumors"
- Consensus, detailed presentation of the topic: Treatment of the disease (from 2000, therefore possibly out of date.)
- Comprehensive presentation of all urological topics
- Forms of therapy for testicular tumors
