Senate (Finland)

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The Senate Building on Senate Square in Helsinki

The Finnish Senate ( Finnish Suomen senaatti , Swedish Senaten för Finland , Russian Сенат Финляндии ) united the functions of the Cabinet and the Supreme Court in the Grand Duchy of Finland from 1816 to 1917 and in the Kingdom of Finland from 1917 to 1918 .

history

The body that later became the Senate was founded in 1809 when the Porvoo Reichstag was given the task of drafting regulations for a government council . In 1816, this institution was renamed Senate by the Tsar to show that it was on par with the Russian Senate .

The Senate was headed by the Governor General of Finland . The members of the Senate had to be Finnish citizens. The Senate was divided into the Economic Department and the Judiciary. In 1822 both departments received a Finnish vice-president. From 1858 the members of the Senate were officially known as Senators. After the February Revolution in Russia, the deputy chairman of the economic department became chairman of the Senate. Due to the civil war , the Senate was relocated to the city of Vaasa from January 29th to May 3rd in 1918 .

In 1918 the Economic Department became the Cabinet and the Legal Department became the Supreme Court and Supreme Administrative Court of the Independent Republic of Finland. The deputy chairman of the economic department became the Prime Minister of Finland , the remaining senators became ministers.

Deputy Chairwoman of the Economic Department (1822–1917)

  1. Carl Erik Mannerheim , (1822–1826)
  2. Samuel Fredrik von Born , (1826–1828)
  3. Anders Henrik Falck , (1828–1833)
  4. Gustaf Hjärne , (1833–1841)
  5. Lars Gabriel von haarman , (1841-1858)
  6. Johan Mauritz Nordenstam , (1858–1882)
  7. Edvard Gustaf af Forselles , (1882-1885)
  8. Samuli Verneri of Troil , (1885-1891)
  9. Sten Carl Tudeer , (1891-1900)
  10. Constantin Linder , (1900-1905)
  11. Emil Streng , (1905)
  12. Leopold Henrik Stanislaus Mechelin , (1905–1908)
  13. Edvard Immanuel Hjelt , (1908–1909)
  14. August Johannes Hjelt , (1909)
  15. Anders Wirenius , (1909)
  16. Vladimir Ivanovich Markov , (1909–1913)
  17. Mikhail Borovitinov , (1913-1917)
  18. Anders Wirenius , (1917)

Chairwoman of the Senate (1917–1918)

  1. Antti Oskari Tokoi , Social Democratic Party (1917)
  2. Eemil Nestor Setälä , Young Finnish Party (1917)
  3. Pehr Evind Svinhufvud , Young Finnish Party (1917–1918)
  4. Juho Kusti Paasikivi , Finnish Party (1918)

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jutikkala, Eino and Pirinen, Kauko. A History of Finland. Dorset Press, 1988 p. 162. ISBN 0-88029-260-1
  2. ↑ Jutikkala, Eino and Pirinen, Kauko. A History of Finland. Dorset Press, 1988 p. 163. ISBN 0-88029-260-1
  3. ↑ Jutikkala, Eino and Pirinen, Kauko. A History of Finland. Dorset Press, 1988 p. 162. ISBN 0-88029-260-1