Sergei Vasilyevich Zubatov

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Sergei Vasilyevich Zubatov

Sergei Vasilyevich Zubatov ( Russian Сергей Васильевич Зубатов * February 18 . Jul / 2 March  1874 greg. In Moscow , † March 2 . Jul / 15 March  1917 . Greg ) was a Russian criminal police officer . From 1896 to 1902 he was director of the Moscow office of Okhrana . From 1902 to 1903 he was director of the special department of the Ministry of the Interior and deputy to General Dmitri Fyodorowitsch Trepov (1855-1906).

Life

Zubatov was a member of the revolutionary movement in his youth. Then he was arrested by the Okhrana and turned over. He secretly reported on the revolutionaries until they exposed him in 1888. In 1889 he began his official service in the Okhrana and gradually rose to the position of director of the Moscow office until 1896. He systematized the security check in Russia with the typical methods that were used by criminal police in plain clothes at the time in Europe and whose actions he coordinated with the core of his system, undercover informants. He was a master at questioning radical activists and occasionally getting them to his side. He argued that the imperial Russian state could do more for the poor than terrorists and agitators who would just let down the hard hand of reaction on the people.

Despite his deeply ingrained monarchist beliefs, Zubatov seriously believed that repression alone could not defeat the revolutionary movement. From 1901 to 1903 he promoted pro-government trade unions in order to channel protest with agitation, a practice that was called police socialism or Subatovshchina. The first such organization existed from 1901 to August 1903 under the name Собрание русских фабрично-заводских рабочих Санкт-Петербурга (Assembly of Russian Factory Workers of Saint Petersburg). She received the support of Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich Romanov , the governor general of Moscow. Others were formed in Odessa , Kiev, and Minsk . However, Zubatov was unable to persuade the government to actually improve labor legislation. The employers were not happy about the unions either. After a series of strikes, Zubatov was personally dismissed from his position as director of the special department in August 1903 by Interior Minister Vyacheslav Konstantinovich von Plehwe ; and the state sponsored unions were dissolved. After the assassination of Plehve in July 1904, Zubatov refused to return to the service, in part to protect the life of his son, whom he believed to be a threat to revolutionary activists. He retired into private life and lived on his state pension.

During the February Revolution of 1917 , after learning of the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II (Russia) , he shot himself.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Zubatov, Sergeĭ Vasilʹevich, 1864-1917 - LC Linked Data Service: Authorities and Vocabularies | Library of Congress
  2. ↑ Abraham Ascher: The Revolution of 1905: Russia in Disarray. 1994, p. 79. The Revolution of 1905: Russia in Disarray - Abraham Ascher - Google Books
  3. ↑ Simon Sebag Montefiore: The Romanovs: Splendor and Fall of the Tsar Dynasty 1613-1918. The Romanovs: Splendor and Fall of the Tsarist Dynasty 1613-1918 - Simon Sebag Montefiore - Google Books
personal data
SURNAME Subatow, Sergei Wassiljewitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Зубатов, Сергей Васильевич (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian criminal police officer
DATE OF BIRTH March 2, 1874
PLACE OF BIRTH Moscow
DATE OF DEATH March 15, 1917
Place of death Moscow