Shūgiin election 1986

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Share of votes in%
 %
50
40
30th
20th
10
0
49.4
17.2
9.4
8.8
6.4
5.8
1.8
0.8
0.2
Independent
NLC
SDF
Otherwise.
Gains and losses
compared to 1983
 % p
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
+3.6
-2.3
-0.7
-0.5
-0.9
+0.9
-0.6
+0.1
+0.1
Independent
NLC
SDF
Otherwise.
Distribution of seats after the 1986 election
        
A total of 512 seats

The 1986 Shūgiin election was the 38th election to Shūgiin , the Japanese lower house, and took place on July 6, 1986. The 1986 Sangiin election was held at the same time .

Prime Minister Nakasone Yasuhiro had dissolved the Shūgiin on June 2, 1986, 18 months before the end of the legislature, so that the election coincided with the Sangiin election. In view of high personal polls, he hoped to win back a clear absolute majority for his Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and no longer be dependent on the coalition with the New Liberal Club. The main topics in the election campaign were economic development against the background of rising unemployment, growing national debt and the first negative quarterly development of the Japanese economy in over a decade, as well as security policy. Prime Minister Nakasone, who relied on close cooperation with the United States (1981-89 Reagan administration ), advocated a further increase in the defense budget and moderate reforms to market opening and deregulation . The Socialist Party of Japan (SPJ) under Ishibashi Masaru , like the Communist Party, opposed the expansion of the self-defense forces and demanded an expansion of social benefits.

The turnout was 71.4%. After a constituency reform in May 1986, eight constituencies were enlarged and seven downsized; the total number of MPs rose by one to 512.

Party / faction be right proportion of Seats modification
to the last election on the composition before the election
Ruling parties 30.990.301 51.27% 306 +48 +49
Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) 29,875,501 49.42% 300 +50 +51
     Tanaka faction 87 +14
     Nakasone faction 60 +18
     Suzuki faction 59 +9
     Fukuda faction 56 (+16)
     Kōmoto faction 28 ± 0
     without faction 31 (+11)
New Liberal Club 1,114,800 1.84% 6th −2 −2
Opposition parties 25,943,262 42.92% 239 −40 −39
Socialist Party of Japan (SPJ) 10,412,584 17.23% 85 −27 −25
Kōmeitō 5,701,277 9.43% 56 −2 −3
Democratic Socialist Party (DSP) 3,895,858 6.44% 26th −12 −11
Communist Party of Japan (CPJ) 5,313,246 8.79% 26th ± 0 −1
Social Democratic Federation 499,670 0.83% 4th +1 +1
Others 120,627 0.20% 0 ± 0 ± 0
Independent (*) 3,515,043 5.81% 9 −7 +2
total 60.448.610 100.0% 512 +1 +12 (11 vacancies)

(*) By the day of the first meeting, seven independents had joined other political groups.

Effects

With a high turnout, the LDP won a clear majority in the Shūgiin. Prime Minister Nakasone was confirmed in parliament on July 22nd, his 3rd cabinet was again a pure LDP cabinet and no longer relied on the support of the New Liberal Club. The clear election victory strengthened him against his internal party rivals who had been pushing for his replacement. The strongest faction, the Tanaka faction , received the post of Deputy Prime Minister. On September 11, 1986, Nakasone's term of office as party chairman / prime minister was extended for another year by the LDP MPs in both houses.

Loss of votes mainly hit the SPJ. The party leader Ishibashi resigned after the elections and was replaced by Takako Doi . The more moderate DSP also suffered heavy losses, including General Secretary Ōuchi having lost his seat.

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